不同施肥处理对光叶紫花苕根及根瘤生长的影响  

Nodule and Root Growth of Vicia villosa in Purple Hilly Area of Sichuan under Different Fertilizer Treatments

作　　者：张庆玉[1,2] 杨玉敏[1,2] 庞良玉[1] 张冀[1] 田丽[1] 雷建容[1] 冯文强[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,四川成都610066 [2]农业部西南地区小麦生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,四川成都610066

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2014年第5期2000-2005,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家牧草产业技术体系项目(CARS-35-36);国家小麦产业技术体系项目(CARS-3-2-41);四川省财政基因工程项目(2011JYGC09-024);四川省财政育种论文基金项目(2012LWJJ-005);四川省财政育种论文基金项目(2013LWJJ-007)

摘　　要：采用田间试验对8个不同施肥处理下光叶紫花苕在四川紫色丘陵区的根和根瘤的生长进行了研究。结果表明,在四川紫色丘陵区的碱性紫色土上,不同施肥处理下光叶紫花苕的根长、根干物质重、根瘤数和根瘤鲜重差异显著。磷、钾和微量元素促进根伸长、根干物质量的增加、根瘤数和根瘤鲜重的增加。在光叶紫花苕的生长前期,不施氮会促进根伸长、根干物质量的增加、根瘤数和根瘤鲜重的增加,在生长中后期需要补充氮素满足生长。同时,根据地上和地下生长的相关性分析和通径分析发现,根干重和单株干重的相关性最高,相关系数高达0.93,根干重对单株干重直接作用的通径系数为0.7220。根据结果可推知,光叶紫花苕的生长过程中磷钾肥很关键,氮肥前期可不施,中后期要适量施用氮肥,会促进根和根瘤的生长,同时提高光叶紫花苕的产量和肥料的利用效率。In order to clarify nodule and root growth of Vicia villosa in the purple hilly area of Sichuan under different fertilizer treatments,the field experiment was conducted.The eight different fertilizer treatments were designed,and their root system and nodule growth were studied.The results showed that the difference of V.villosa root length,root dry weight,nodule number,nodule fresh weight is significant in the purple hilly area of Sichuan under the eight different fertilizer treatments.Phosphor,potassium and microelement fertilizer could significantly promote the growth of root and nodule.The root length,root dry weight,nodule number and nodule fresh weight of Vicia viosa under no nitrogen application were improved during its early growth stage,and moderate nitrogenous fertilizer was an essential way to be supplemented during its middle and later growth stage.At the same time,the correlation and path analysis showed that the root dry weight was most correlated with dry weight of individual plant,and the correlation coefficient was 0.93,the path coefficient was 0.7220.Therefore,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are very important to the growth of Vicia villosa.And moderate nitrogenous fertilizer may be used to improve the growth of root and nodule,which can increase fertilizer use efficiency.

关 键 词：光叶紫花苕 施肥 根 根瘤 

分 类 号：S540.42[农业科学—作物学]