流动人口血吸虫病防治知识及行为分析  

Analysis on schistosomiasis control knowledge and behavior of migrant population

作　　者：曹淳力[1] 鲍子平[1] 沈利[2] 陈琳[3] 蔡黎[4] 许静[1] 李石柱[1] 郭家钢[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预防控制所,世界卫生组织疟疾,血吸虫病和丝虫病合作中心,卫生部寄生虫病原与媒介生物学重点实验室,上海200025 [2]上海市金山区疾病预防控制中心,上海201599 [3]四川省疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预防控制所,四川成都610041 [4]上海市疾病预防控制中心,上海200336

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2014年第23期4317-4320,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：上海市卫生局科研计划课题资助项目(20124405);上海市加强公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划

摘　　要：目的了解流动人口血吸虫病防治知识知晓及行为情况,为开展流动人口血吸虫病防治提供科学依据。方法采用意图抽样法在上海市选取来自血吸虫病流行省份的流动人口,采用整群抽样法在湖南、湖北、江西、安徽、江苏、四川和云南省的血吸虫病流行村及上海市选取常住居民。运用个人问卷调查法调查个人基本情况,血吸虫病基本知识知晓情况和预防行为。对流动人口、流出地和流入地常住人口的血吸虫病防治知识知晓情况进行比较。结果本次共调查了1 278名对象,其中男性62.4%(797/1 278),女性37.6%(481/1 278)。流动人口529名,流入地常住人口309名,流出地常住人口440名。流动人口关于知道血吸虫病(26.1%)、感染原因(31.9%)、疾病危害(39.5%)、病畜(人)粪便传播血吸虫病(22.1%)、中间宿主(17.6%)、预防措施(25.9%)和治疗药物(11.0%)等7项问题的知晓率,较流入地和流出地常住人口的知晓率均低;流动人口有关血吸虫病预防行为的野粪(野外用厕)行为(22.9%)、在户籍地接受血吸虫病检查(4.3%)、疫水接触(28.9%)、遵医嘱服药(53.5%)和愿意在务工地接受血吸虫病查治(65.8%)等预防行为,与流入地人群的行为有差异,流动人口的行为情况低于流入地人群的情况,其中野粪行为高于流入地人群;自行服药行为(9.8%)和接触疫水防护行为(51.0%)相仿。流动人口在户籍地接受血吸虫病检查、疫水接触、疫水接触时防护行为、自行服药行为、遵医嘱服药和愿意在务工地接受血吸虫病查治的行为,与流出地人群的行为情况相比有差异,野粪(野外用厕)行为与流出地人群的相仿。结论流动人口的血吸虫病基本知识知晓程度和预防行为均差于流入地和流出地常住人口的情况,应将干预措施前移,在流出地加强外出人口防治血吸虫病健康教育和查治措施。Objective To analyze schistosomiasis control knowledge and behavior of migrant population, and to provide a scientific basis for carrying out prevention of schistosomiasis. Methods The migrant population from schistosomiasis endemic provinces were collected by purpose sampling in Shanghai, the permanent residents of emigrant and immigrant areas were collected by cluster sampling, the permanent resident of emigrant areas were Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Anhui, Jiangsu, Sichuan, Yunnan and the permanent resident of immigrant area was Shanghai. The questionnaire survey was implemented, the research contents included demographic characteristics, schistosomiasis control knowledge and preventive behavior. The schistosomiasis control knowledge and preventive behavior of migrant population, permanent residents of emigrant and immigrant areas were compared. Results A total amount of 1 278 population were researched, male was 62.4%（797/1 278） and female was 37.6%（481/1 278）. Among of them, 529 were migrant population, 309 were permanent resident of immigrant and 440 were permanent resident of emigrant. On the migrant population＇s knowledge part, the knowledge on knowing schistosomiasis, infection reason, disease harmfulness, transmission by infected cattle（human） feces, middle host, preventive measures and treatment medicine were 26.1%, 31.9%, 39.5%, 22.1%, 17.6%,25.9% and 11.0%, separately, which were lower than that of residents of emigrant and immigrant areas. The preventive behavior of migrant population were 22.9% of field feces, 4.3% of schistosomiasis exam in hometown, 28.9% of endemic water contact, 53.5% of medicine-taking by doctor＇s advice and 65.8% of exam in working place willingness, what were lower than that of resident of immigrant; the rate of field feces of migrant was higher than that of permanent resident of immigrant; the rates of self-diagnosis（9.8%） and endemic water contact preventive behavior（51.0%） were similar with that of permanent resident of immigrant. The rates of exam in h

关 键 词：血吸虫病 流动人口 预防知识 比较 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]