2013年烟台市公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生状况调查  

Hygienic survey of central air conditioning ventilation systems in public places of Yantai

作　　者：于桂梅[1] 徐迎春[1] 徐建军[1] 王松松[1] 王彦青[1] 阎西革 

机构地区：[1]烟台市疾病预防控制中心,山东烟台264003

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2014年第23期4394-4396,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解烟台市公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生状况和污染特征,并探讨其可能的影响因素。方法采用简单随机抽样的方法,对烟台市市区20家公共场所集中空调通风系统的类型、清洗状况,公共场所类型进行调查,并按照《公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生规范》对空调通风系统的卫生指标进行采样检测。结果烟台市公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生指标全部合格率仅为15.0%;风管内表面积尘量、细菌总数、真菌总数合格率分别为94.0%、33.0%和40.0%;送风中可吸入颗粒物、细菌总数、真菌总数、β-溶血性链球菌合格率分别为53.0%、100%、100%和100%;冷却水中嗜肺军团菌合格率为70.0%,主要菌型为lp1型;冷凝水中的嗜肺军团菌合格率为100%。结论2013年调查的烟台市公共场所20家集中空调通风系统调查风管积尘细菌总数、真菌总数合格率低,存在传播感染风险。Objective To understand the hygienic status and influencing factors of centralized air conditioning ventilation systems in public places in Yantai. Methods 20 public places in Yantai were sampled by randomly sampling and information on central air-conditioning unit types, fresh air position, cleaning condition, public place types and sampling point were investigated; the hygienic indices of central air conditioning ventilation systems were detected according to the Hygiene Specification for Central Air Conditioning Ventilation System in Public Buildings. Results The acceptance rate of the hygienic index of the central airconditioning in public places only reached 15%; the qualified rates of the surface dust amount, the total bacterial count, and the total fungi count in air duct was 94.0%, 33.0% and 40.0% respectively; the acceptance rate of inhalable particles, the total bacterial count, the total fungi count, and beta hemolytic streptococcus in air delivery was 53.0%, 100%, 100% and 100% respectively; the acceptance rate of legionella pneumophila in condensate was 70.0%. The Lp1 was the main type of Legion Ella pneumophila and the acceptance rate of legionella pneumophila in cooling water was 100%. Conclusion The acceptance rate of the dust amount, the total bacterial count, and the total fungi count in air duct is low in this study, and there is a risk of infection spreading. As a result, the sanitary control of concentrated air conditioners in public places must be strengthened.

关 键 词：集中空调 公共场所 卫生调查 

分 类 号：R12[医药卫生—环境卫生学]