硬段结构对水性聚氨酯胶粘剂结晶性和微相分离的影响  

Effect of Hard-segment Structure on Phase Separation and Crystallinity of Waterborne Polyurethane Adhesive

作　　者：宁继鑫 郭学方[1] 范浩军[1] 鲍亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学制革清洁技术国家工程实验室,四川大学合成革研究中心,四川成都610065

出　　处：《皮革科学与工程》2014年第6期10-15,共6页Leather Science and Engineering

基　　金：十二五国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAC16B-01-03);丽水市经济开发区水性生态合成革项目(LKG-2013-1)

摘　　要：聚氨酯胶粘剂的初粘力和终粘力与聚氨酯的结晶速率和结晶度密切相关。本文以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)、聚己二酸丁二醇酯二醇(PBA)等为主要原料合成了结晶型水性聚氨酯胶粘剂,通过DSC、应力-应变、透光率、吸水率分析,研究了硬段结构对结晶型水性聚氨酯结晶性和微相分离的影响。研究表明,在相同硬段含量下,硬段结构的规整性对水性聚氨酯的结晶度和结晶速度及微相分离有重要影响。室温干燥成膜时,硬段含脂肪环或对称侧基的结晶型水性聚氨酯显示较高的结晶度和微相分离特性;而在高温干燥后的冷却结晶过程中,硬段结构规整的聚氨酯其软段结晶速度更快,结晶度和微相分离程度更高;随着结晶度和微相分离程度的提高,水性聚氨酯膜呈现出明显的屈服点,力学性能提高,吸水率和透光率降低。The initial adhesion and the final adhesion of polyurethane adhesive were closely related to the rate and degree of crystallinity. In this paper, serious waterborne polyurethane adhesives with different hard segment were synthesized from isophorone diisocyanate（IPDI）, hexamethylene diisocyanate（HDI） and polybutylene adipate glycol（PBA）, and the effect of the hard-segment structure on cryatallinity and the phase separation was investigated by DSC, stress- strain, light transmittance and water absorption analysis. The results indicated that the structural regularity of hard segment influenced the rate and degree of crystallinity and the phase separation of waterborne polyurethane with the same hard segment content.When dried at room temperature, waterborne polyurethane with aliphatic ring or symmetric side group hard segment showed higher crystallinity and phase separation; Whilst when dried at high temperature（≥100 ℃）firstly then cooled at room temperature, waterborne polyurethane with regular hard-segment structure had a rapid crystalline rate and a high degree of crystallinity. Moreover, crystalline waterborne polyurethane had a significant yield point in the stress-tensile curve and a higher mechanical property, and the higher the crystallinity, the lower the water absorption ratio and the light transmittance of resultant waterborne polyurethane.

关 键 词：水性聚氨酯 硬段结构 结晶性 微相分离 

分 类 号：TQ430.1[化学工程]