泸沽湖表层沉积物中重金属污染特征  

Characteristics of Heavy Metal Pollution in Top-Layer Sediment of Lugu Lake

作　　者：古正刚 吴敏[1] 卫蓉[3] 陈炳发 宁平[1] 

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院 [2]昆明理工大学土木学院,云南昆明650500 [3]昆明理工大学分析测试中心,云南昆明650093 [4]云南省德宏州环保局,云南芒市678400

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2014年第11期111-115,136,共6页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40973081;41173124);"863"项目(2008AA062602)

摘　　要：分析泸沽湖表层沉积物的重金属Cu、Cr、Pb的含量及沉积物中N、C、H、S元素的含量和pH值,分别应用沉积物环境质量基准、地质积累指数、污染负荷指数分析评价沉积物的生态危害和重金属污染特征。结果显示,泸沽湖表层沉积物的pH平均值为7.51。重金属Cu的浓度范围为12.78-156.13 mg/kg,Cr的浓度范围为2.41-154.09 mg/kg,Pb的浓度范围2.38-27.54 mg/kg。表层沉积物重金属的平均浓度为Cu〉Cr〉Pb。Cu、Cr、Pb之间没有显著相关性。泸沽湖表层沉积物的N、C、H、S元素的范围分别为0.17%-2.42%,2.09%-36.58%,0.77%-4.54%,0.13%-0.96%。Cr、Cu对总毒性单位的贡献值比较大,而Pb对总毒性单位的贡献值较小。地质累积指数分析表明泸沽湖沉积物尚未受到重金属Cu、Cr、Pb的污染。污染负荷指数法分析表明泸沽湖沉积物重金属污染尚处于基线范围之内。Heavy metals, e.g. Cu, Cr and Pb, contained in top-layer sediment of Lugu Lake in Yunnan Province were investigated, which involved concentration analysis of heavy metals and other element, N, C, H and S, as well as pH value.Heavy metal pollution characteristics and ecological risk were evaluated by sediment quality guidelines（SQGs）, index of geoaccumulation（Igeo） and pollution load index（PLI）. The analysis indicated that with the mean pH of 7.51, top-layer sediment contained Cu ranging from 12.78 to 156.13 mg/kg, Cr, from 2.41 to 154.09 mg/kg, and Pb, from 2.38 to 27.54 mg/kg; and there were no significant correlations between Cu, Cr and Pb. As to 蒡TUs, the total toxic unit of heavy metal, Cu and Cr were the major contributors, while Pb was the minor. The analysis with calculated Igeo values indicated that heavy metals Cu,Cr, Pb contained in top-layer sediment have not yet caused heavy metal pollution; and the analysis using calculated PLI value suggested that Cu, Cr and Pb were within the range of baseline levels.

关 键 词：泸沽湖 表层沉积物 重金属 沉积物环境质量基准 地质积累指数 污染负荷指数 

分 类 号：X820.4[环境科学与工程—环境工程]