某小型屠宰废水人工湿地处理系统芦苇生长影响分析  

Analysis of the Small-scale Slaughterhouse Wastewater Influence on Growth of Common Reed in the Constructed Wetland

作　　者：余江 王琪 李明高 涂磊 Andre Gerth 

机构地区：[1]湖北省环境科学研究院,湖北武汉430072 [2]Bioplanta Vita34 BmbH,德国莱比锡D-04103

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2014年第11期175-179,共5页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：中国湖北省-德国萨克森州环保技术合作项目

摘　　要：人工湿地作为一种污水生态处理工程技术,应用较为广泛。文章以某小型屠宰废水处理项目为例,屠宰废水含有高浓度有机物,改造原有预处理工艺加两级芦苇湿地进行处理,出水满足国家相关排放标准要求,同时跟踪监测人工湿地的进出水水质,利用监测数据分析人工湿地处理系统芦苇生长影响因素。当COD污染负荷达到560 kg/(hm2·d)及以上时,会对芦苇生长产生抑制甚至毒害;而在较低的污染负荷条件下,湿地具有更高的抗冲击能力,随着进水COD、氨氮等浓度的升高,湿地处理效率也得到提升;但过低的污染负荷会因为湿地基质营养物质的缺乏而影响芦苇的生长,在确保湿地植物芦苇正常生长和高效的氨氮去除基础上,同时考虑最大减少湿地占地面积和投资,湿地进水COD污染负荷宜控制在250 kg/(hm2·d)。Constructed wetland is wildly applied as ecological engineering technology for treating wastewater. In this article,the case of a small-scale slaughterhouse wastewater treatment project is studied. The slaughterhouse wastewater contains high concentration organic matters, by modifying the original pre-treatment and adding two stage common reeds CW for treating the slaughterhouse wastewater, the quality of effluent can meet the national standards of slaughter and processing industry.Inflow and effluent wastewater quality of CW is tracking monitored, and results indicated that when COD load arrived at 560kg/（hm^2·d）and over, the growth of reeds would be inhibited and poisoned; and in the condition of low COD load, CW has a higher capacity in resistance to shocking load. With the influent concentration of COD and NH3-N increase, the treatment efficiency of CW would be increased. But the lower pollution load influences on the growth for lack of the matrix nutrients.Therefore, the reasonable pollution load should be selected for the design and operation of constructed wetland. In order to ensure the high removal efficiency of NH3-N, the regular growth of reeds and the treatment efficiency of CW should be increased to the max, and the area and investment of CW would be reduced. Influent of COD load for CW should be controlled in no more than 250 kg/（hm^2·d）.

关 键 词：屠宰废水 人工湿地 芦苇 生长影响 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]