重症监护病房的细菌分布及鲍曼不动杆菌的耐药性分析  被引量:3

Analysis of bacteria distribution resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii in Intensive Care Unit

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作  者:赵建平 周秀岚[2] 

机构地区:[1] 内蒙古自治区人民医院检验科,呼和浩特010010 [2] 内蒙古医科大学附属医院药剂部

出  处:《中国医药》2014年第12期1816-1818,共3页China Medicine

基  金:内蒙古自治区自然科学基金(2013MS11113)

摘  要:目的 分析重症监护病房(ICU)的细菌分布及鲍曼不动杆菌的耐药性.方法 回顾性分析2009年1月至2013年9月内蒙古自治区人民医院ICU感染患者中分离出的1 079株菌株的病原菌分布和耐药性;细菌鉴定和药物敏感试验采用VITEK 2 Compact全自动细菌培养鉴定仪.结果 ICU患者中革兰阴性杆菌分离率为76.3% (823/1 079),其中鲍曼不动杆菌为29.2% (315/1 079),标本以痰液最多,为64.0%(691/1 079);耐亚胺培南鲍曼不动杆菌(IRAB)的检出率为91.7%(289/315).IRAB呈多重耐药,对复方磺胺甲u恶唑、妥布霉素、庆大霉素、左氧氟沙星、环丙沙星、氨苄西林舒巴坦、哌拉西林他唑巴坦、头孢他啶、头孢曲松、头孢吡肟和哌拉西林的耐药率分别为68.9%(199/289)、89.2%(257/289)、93.1% (269/289)、94.1%(272/289)、99.7%(288/289)、98.6%(285/289)、98.6% (285/289)、99.3%(287/289)、99.3%(287/289)、99.7%(288/289)和100.0%(289/289),对阿米卡星耐药率较低,为22.9%(62/271).IRAB对上述12种抗菌药物的耐药率,除复方磺胺甲(噁)唑外,均明显高于非IRAB,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05).结论 鲍曼不动杆菌在ICU的检出率较高,IRAB的分离率和耐药性较高,应加强耐药性监测,合理选用抗菌药物,有效控制IRAB的感染及流行.Objective To analyze the bacteria distribution and resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii in Intensive Care Unit(ICU).Methods Infection distribution and drug resistance of l 079 strains of pathogenic bacteria of the patients in ICU were retrospectively analyzed from January 2009 to September 2013 ; the bacteria identification and drug sensitivity were tested by VITEK 2 Compact automatic bacteria identification instrument.Results Pathogenic bacteria isolated from ICU patients with Gram negative bacilli was 76.3%,(823/1 079),in which Acinetobacter baumannii was 29.2% (315/1 079).Most specimens was from sputum (64%,691/1 079) ; imipenem resistant Acinetobacter (Bauman IRAB) detection rate was 91.7% (289/315).IRAB shows multiple drug resistance; the resistant rates of the compound sulfamethoxazole,tobramycin and gentamicin,ofloxacin,ciprofloxacin,ampicillin/ sulbactam,and piperacillin/ Tazobactam,cephalosporin,ceftriaxone,cefepime and piperacillin were 68.9% (199/289),89.2% (257/289),93.1% (269/289)and 94.1% (272/289),99.7% (288/289) and 98.6% (285/289),98.6% (285/289) and 99.3% (287/289),99.3% (287/289) and 99.7% (288/289) and 100.0% (289/289) respectively.The resistant rate for amikacin was 22.9% (62/271).Except compound sulfamethoxazole,resistance to other 11 kinds of antimicrobial agents was evidently higher in IRAB than that to non-IRAB (P 〈 0.05).Conclusion The detection rate of Bauman Acinetobacter in ICU is high; the isolation rate and drug resistance of IRAB is high.

关 键 词:亚胺培南 鲍曼不动杆菌 重症监护室 多重耐药 

分 类 号:R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]

 

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