定期口腔健康宣教在糖尿病患者牙种植术后护理中的应用  

Application of regular oral health education in nursing of patients with diabetes after implant surgery

作　　者：吴莎莎[1] 刘少丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学口腔医院种植科,710004

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2014年第31期3961-3964,共4页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

摘　　要：目的：评价定期宣教对糖尿病患者牙种植术后护理的效果。方法选择某院种植中心接受牙种植术的糖尿病患者361例，按照随机编号法分为干预组（ n＝179）和对照组（ n＝182）。对照组患者实施常规的术后宣教和检查，干预组在此基础上定期进行口腔健康教育，比较两组术后牙周指数（ CPI）的变化及种植体周围情况。结果追踪1年时对照组中有2例患者的2颗种植体发生了种植体周围炎，2年后有5例患者的7颗种植体脱落，3年后有12例患者16颗种植体脱落；干预组追踪1年时有1例患者1颗种植体脱落，2年时有2例患者4颗种植体脱落，3年时有6例患者11颗种植体脱落。 CPI检出率在对照组中逐渐降低，差异具有统计学意义（χ^226．551，P＜0．01）；干预组患者CPI检出率随着时间的推移差异无统计学意义（χ^23．248，P＞0．05），表明干预组患者的牙周状况未见降低。结论实施口腔健康教育对糖尿病患者牙种植术后护理有积极作用，可增加种植义齿及自然余留牙的长期稳定性。Objective To evaluate the effect of regular oral education on nursing of patients with diabetes after implant surgery.Methods Totals of 361 patients with diabetes were selected from the hospital, and were randomly divided into control group （ n =182 ） and intervention group （ n =179 ） .They were all received the dental implant surgery for defect of dentition.For intervention group received pointed oral health education at 1 month, 3 month, 6 month,12 month, respectively after implant operation, while control group received merely given routine oral health education after implant operation.The community periodontal index （CPI） and implant condition was examined after 1year, 2year, 3 year in both groups.Results In control group, 2 cases complicated with 2 per-implantitis at 1year, 5 cases had 7 implants fall off at 2 year,12cases had 16 implants fall off at 3year,while in intervention group, 1 cases complicated with 1 per-implantitis at 1year, 2 cases had 4 implants fall off at 2 year,6 cases had 11 implants fall off at 3year.There was significant reduction of CPI in control group with follow-up passed（χ^2=26.551,P〈0.01） ,and no significant that CPI was found in intervention group （χ^2=3.248,P〉0.05）.Conclusions Oral health education plays an active role in oral nursing for patients with diabetes after implant surgery, it can enhance the stability and retention of tooth and dental implant in oral circumstance.

关 键 词：牙种植 糖尿病 护理 口腔健康教育 

分 类 号：R473.78[医药卫生—护理学]