天津市碘缺乏病健康教育效果分析  

Evaluation of the effects of health education on iodine deficiency disorders in Tianjin

作　　者：侯常春[1] 王洋[1] 戴力维 刘明升[1] 韩树清[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津市疾病预防控制中心,天津300011

出　　处：《中国地方病防治》2014年第5期332-333,392,共3页Chinese Journal of Control of Endemic Diseases

基　　金：天津市卫生局科技基金(2011KZ45)

摘　　要：目的评价天津市碘缺乏病健康教育效果,为制定防治策略提供依据。方法在天津市选择2个重点县（区）,在每个项目县选择3个项目乡（镇）,每个乡在中心小学校4-6年级的班级开展碘缺乏病的健康教育活动;在上述项目乡,每乡选择3个村,开展社区健康教育活动。在健康教育干预前后进行碘缺乏病健康教育现况调查。结果小学生获得防治知识的主要来源为健康教育课,家庭妇女主要来源是电视等媒体。健康教育干预后,小学生碘缺乏病危害、碘盐标识识别、预防措施知晓率分别为97.78%、90.56%、100%,均较干预前（73.33%、46.11%、80.00%）显著提高（χ2值分别为43.516、82.157、40.0,P值均〈0.001）;家庭妇女碘缺乏病危害、碘盐标识识别、预防措施知晓率分别为95.56%、88.89%、98.89%,均较干预前（70.00%、41.11%、90.00%）提高（χ2值分别为20.615、45.153、6.776,P值分别为〈0.001、〈0.001、0.009）。进行健康教育后,不同文化程度的家庭主妇对健康教育的接受程度不同,文化程度越高,健康教育效果越好（H值=7.571,P=0.023）。结论实施健康教育干预后小学生及家庭主妇碘缺乏病防治知识知晓率显著提高。应注意扩展健康教育渠道,普及碘缺乏病防治知识。Objective To evaluate the effect of health education on IDD in Tianjin,and to provide the basis for the development of control strategies. Methods A total of 2 countries were selected in Tianjin,and 3 townships were chosen in each project country. Health educational activities were carried out in the classes of grade 4-6 in the central primary school of each selected township. Meanwhile 3 villages were chosen in each selected township where the health educational activities in the community were carried out. Surveys on knowledge of IDD were conducted before and after the health educational activities. Results The main source of access to prevention and control knowledge among primary school students was health education classes,while that of the housewives was television and other media. After the health educational activities,the rate of awareness of the dangers of IDD,iodized salt logo recognition,and preventive measures in the students were 97. 78%,90. 56%,100%,respectively,and increased significantly compared with those before the intervention（ 73. 33%,46. 11%,80. 00%）,the difference being significant（ χ2 = 43. 516,82. 157,40. 0,P〈0. 001）. The rate of awareness of the dangers of IDD,iodized salt logo recognition,and preventive measures in the students were 95. 56%,88. 89%,98. 89%,respectively,and increased significantly compared with those before the intervention（ 70. 00%,41. 11%,90. 00%）,the difference being significant（ χ2 = 20. 615,45. 153,6. 776,P〈0. 001,0.001,0. 009）. After health education,levels of acceptance were different among housewives of different cultural levels,the higher the educational level,the better the effect of health education. Conclusions The rates of knowledge awareness in the students and the housewives were increased significantly after the health educational activities. We should expand channels for health education,popularize knowledge of IDD.

关 键 词：碘缺乏病 健康教育 评价 

分 类 号：R591.1[医药卫生—内科学]