全数字高密度三维地震勘探在煤田精细构造解释中的应用  

Application of digital high-density seismic exploration in fine structural interpretation in coalfield

作　　者：赵立明[1,2] 崔若飞[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]煤层气资源与成藏过程教育部重点实验室,徐州221008 [2]中国矿业大学资源与地球科学学院,徐州221116

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2014年第5期2332-2336,共5页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：国家自然基金项目(u1261202)资助

摘　　要：常规煤田三维地震勘探技术广泛用于煤矿采区的合理布置、主巷道的开拓、综采工作面地质条件的评价.但受自身方法和能力的限制,在不少矿区地震成果的井巷验证符合率低,精度不能完全满足煤矿开采的要求,严重影响到煤矿的安全生产.刘店煤矿106采区地质构造极为复杂,小断层极发育,煤层受岩浆岩侵蚀,地震数据的信噪比极低,利用常规三维地震勘探方法无法查明复杂的地质构造.通过在该区进行全数字高密度三维地震勘探试验,结果表明:全数字高密度三维地震勘探能够提高地震数据的信噪比和分辨率,有利于小断层等小地质目标体的成像,能够减少构造假象,反映煤层的真实构造形态,对指导煤矿高效安全生产意义重大.Conventional seismic exploration technology is widely applied in arrangement of mining area,development of roadways and evaluation of geological condition in fully mechanized mining face. Restricted by its method and capability,the compliance rate of seismic outcomes is low and the accuracy cannot fully meet the requirements of coal mining,seriously affecting normal mining process.In No.106 mining area,Liudian Mine,geological structure is very complex,small faults are extremely developed and both of the coalbeds,No.7 coalbed and No.10 coalbed,are eroded by igneous rocks,lowering the S/N ratio heavily.Conventional seismic method can hardly identify complex geological structure.Digital highdensity seismic exploration experiment has been carried out in this area. Result shows that：digital high-density seismic exploration can improve S/N ratio and resolution,strengthen weak reflection to image small faults and other small geological bodies, reduce structural illusion to let structural characteristics of each coal group obvious,and reflect the true form of underground structure,making agreat significance for mining efficiently and safely.

关 键 词：高密度三维地震勘探 精细构造解释 宽方位角 小面元 高覆盖次数 叠前时间偏移 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]