土壤Pb、Cd污染对5种植物生理指标和修复能力影响的研究  

Studies About Effects of Soil Pb and Cd Pollution on Five Kinds of Plant Physiological Indexes and Repair Ability

作　　者：赵晓改[1] 王浩[1] 高杉[1] 袁祖丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学生命科学学院,郑州450002

出　　处：《河南师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第6期86-90,共5页Journal of Henan Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：河南省科技厅基础前沿项目(142300410152)

摘　　要：为了筛选出修复重金属铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)污染土壤的植物,用盆栽的方法选取白菜(Chinese Cabbage)、甘蓝(Brassica oleracea)、野菊花(Chrysanthemu mindicum)、鸡冠花(Celosia cristata L)和紫苏(Perilla frutescens)为试验材料,模拟重金属Pb、Cd污染,Pb处理浓度为0.600mg/kg,Cd处理浓度为0.60mg/kg,采用感应耦合等离子体等方法研究了Pb、Cd污染对5种植物鲜重和干重的影响,以及5种植物对Pb、Cd污染土壤的修复能力.结果表明:白菜、甘蓝和菊花在污染土壤中植物形态上呈现健康生状态,鸡冠花、紫苏处理后叶片变黄,出现轻微的萎焉状态.Pb 600mg/kg和Cd 60mg/kg均显著增加白菜、甘蓝、菊花鲜重和干重,但减少了紫苏和鸡冠花的鲜重和干重.5种植物对于Pb的吸收能力由强到弱依次为白菜、甘蓝、菊花、鸡冠花、紫苏.5种植物对Cd的吸收能力由强到弱依次为白菜、甘蓝、菊花、鸡冠花、紫苏.Pb的积累指数由大到小依次为白菜、菊花、鸡冠花、甘蓝、紫苏.Cd的积累指数由大到小依次为白菜、菊花、鸡冠花、紫苏、甘蓝.白菜在5种植物中积累指数最高,说明它对于Pb、Cd的吸收积累能力较强,对Pb、Cd污染土壤具有较强的修复能力.For screening plants which can remediate Pb and Cd contaminated soil,pot expertment was carried out.According to China Soil environmental Quality Standards,the expertment design were Cd 0mg/kg,600mg/kg for Pb,and 0mg/kg,60mg/kg for.The Methods with potted cabbage,basil,cabbage,cockscomb and chrysanthemums as experimental materials,according to the three criteria of soil environmental quality,processing plants were set up for each The results showed that：cabbage,kale and chrysanthemums presented in contaminated soil on plant morphology health and hygiene status,cockscomb,after treatment basil leaves turn yellow,wilt slight state.The results show that the five species in contaminated soil Pb 600mg/kg,Cd 60mg/kg can grow,but growing different Cd pollution（60mg/kg）and Pb（600mg/kg）significantly increased cabbage,kale,daisy fresh weight and dry weight,but reduce the basil and cockscomb fresh weight and dry weight.Five Plants strong to weak for Pb absorption capacity by order of cabbage,cabbage,daisy the cockscomb,basil.The order of the five plants＇ Cd absorption capacity from strong to weak is cabbage,cabbage,daisy,cockscomb,basil.The order of the Pb accumulation index descending is cabbage,daisy,cockscomb,cabbage,basil.For Cd accumulation index in descending order is cabbage,daisy,cockscomb,basil,cabbage.The results show that：cabbage accumulation index is the highest in five plants for the absorption of Pb,Cd accumulation ability of Pb,Cd contaminated soil side repair.

关 键 词：植物 铅 镉 修复能力 积累指数 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]