公路对天山马鹿(Cervus elaphus songaricus)种内遗传分化的影响  

Effects of Road on Genetic Differentiation of Tianshan Red Deer(Cervus elaphus songaricus)

作　　者：周璨林[1,2] 艾萨江.图合提 阿米拉.阿布来提 日沙来提.吐尔地 艾斯卡尔.买买提 马合木提.哈力克 

机构地区：[1]新疆大学生命科学与技术学院资源生物研究所,乌鲁木齐830046 [2]新疆医科大学基础医学院,乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《中国草食动物科学》2014年第6期5-9,共5页China Herbivore Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31060152);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2010211A02);新疆大学自治区重点学科-动物学科资助

摘　　要：为研究公路对大型哺乳动物造成的影响,分别采集新疆省道110、203、303公路两侧的天山马鹿粪便样本,采用5个微卫星位点进行个体识别后利用Arlequin 3.11进行遗传距离、基因多样性、杂合度等测定分析。结果表明:5个微卫星均具有很好的多态性,5地区中松树塘与寒气沟、白石头马鹿的遗传距离最远,松树塘马鹿的基因杂合度、基因型数量均最低;小西沟与白杨沟马鹿之间遗传距离为负值,其基因杂合度、基因型无显著性差异(P>0.05)。说明公路对栖息地的分割状态不同,会导致种群的遗传情况改变。当公路仅深入栖息地没有将栖息地割裂时,公路两旁种群无差异;当栖息地被公路完全隔绝,则该栖息地内动物的基因杂合度、基因型数量降低;使用中的公路对临近种群的隔绝效果强于废弃旧公路。To study the effects of highway on large mammals,Tianshan red deer fece samples from the both side of road S110, 203, 303 were collected. After the individual recognition by 5 kinds of microsatellite, the genetic diversity, genetic distance, heterozygosity were determined using Arlequin 3.11.The results showed that the five kinds of microsatellites had good polymorphism, the highway or road on habitat fragmentation could lead to population genetic change. When the road did not isolate the habitat, the populations along highways had no difference ;when the habitat was completely isolated by highway, the heterozygosity and the number of genotypes decreased ; The isolation effect of highway in use on the population was stronger than that of the road abandoned.

关 键 词：公路 天山马鹿 遗传分化 栖息地破碎化 

分 类 号：S825.2[农业科学—畜牧学]