氮肥运筹对大麦‘花22’产量及主要农艺性状的调控效应  

Regulating effects of nitrogen fertilization on yield and main agronomic traits of barley cultivar ‘Hua 22'

作　　者：王新其[1] 李国梁 石建福 朱钱平 赵志鹏[1] 施圣高 陈小倩 曹黎明[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院作物育种栽培研究所,上海201403 [2]上海上实现代农业开发有限公司,上海202183

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2014年第5期44-50,共7页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：上海市农委科技成果转化项目[沪农科转字(2012)第1-2号]

摘　　要：为探讨大麦‘花22’品种高产合理的氮肥运筹措施,分析了氮肥运筹对其主要农艺性状、产量及产量构成指标的效应差异。结果表明:氮肥对大麦‘花22’的生育期、株高、主茎节间的伸长、叶片生长、茎蘖发生、穗长、穗粒数、有效穗数及产量等性状均有明显促进效应。纯氮量与大麦株高、产量的最佳拟合方程为Y=x/(0.6324+0.0164x)+64.3857(R2=0.9652**)和Y=x/(0.0365+0.0001x)+1 927.6994(R2=0.9941**)。高比例基蘖肥对大麦的株高、主茎1—4节间伸长、叶片生长、茎蘖发生、穗粒数、千粒重等性状有明显促进效应,基蘖肥比例低则对有效穗数和产量指标促进效应明显。统计分析表明,大麦‘花22’获得6 000 kg/hm2左右产量,纯氮量在300—337.5 kg/hm2,基蘖肥与中后期追肥适宜比例为5∶5和6∶4。Field experiments with barley cultivar ＇Hua 22 ; were conducted and.effects of nitrogen fertilization on its main agronomic traits, grain yield and yield components were analyzed so as to reach the rational nitrogen fertilization and gain the high yield. The results showed that nitrogen fer- tilizer had a significant promotion on the cultivar;s growth period, plant height, elongation between main stem-nodes,leaf growth, tillering, spike length, grains per spike, effective ear number and yield traits. The best fitting equations between the plant height and pure nitrogen amount and between the yield and pure nitrogen amount were respectively Y = x/（0. 6324 ＋ 0. 0164x） ＋ 64. 3857 （Re = 0. 9652＊＊ ）and Y = x/（0.0365 ＋ 0.0001x） ＋ 1 927. 6994（R2 =0.9941＊＊ ）. The high proportion of base fertilizer and tillering stage fertilizer had a significant promotion on the plant height, elongation between main 1--4 stem-nodes, leaf growth, tillering, grains per spike, and 1000-grain weight, whereas t＇he low proportion of base fertilizer and tillering stage fertilizer had a significant promotion on the effective panicle number and yield. The statistical analysis indicated that for the cultivar＇s grain yield to reach about 6 000 kg/hm^2 ,it was appropriate that the pure nitrogen amount was 300--337.5 kg/hm^2 and the ratio of base fertilizer and tillering stage fertilizer to later stage dressing was 5：5 and 6：4.

关 键 词：大麦 农艺性状 产量 氮肥 施肥试验 

分 类 号：S512.3[农业科学—作物学]