构造地理要素趋势面的尺度转换普适性方法探讨  

Universal scaling methodology in remote sensing science by constructing geographic trend surface

作　　者：王祎婷[1,2] 谢东辉[1] 李小文[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学遥感科学国家重点实验室,环境遥感与数字城市北京市重点实验室,地理学与遥感科学学院,北京100875 [2]国家海洋信息中心,天津300171

出　　处：《遥感学报》2014年第6期1139-1146,共8页NATIONAL REMOTE SENSING BULLETIN

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(编号:2013CB733402)

摘　　要：当前的遥感科学面临着遥感数据获取能力与数据应用能力之间突出的供需矛盾。尺度问题作为遥感科学中的关键问题,既限制了遥感作为一门科学向系统性、普适性的发展,又限制了遥感应用能力的发展。本文对定量遥感中的尺度问题进行了梳理,包括:遥感与传统站点观测之间的不一致、不同尺度遥感产品之间的不一致、机理模型的尺度适用问题,以及遥感产品与用户需求时空尺度间的不一致。对遥感中的尺度转换方法展开了讨论,总结了尺度转换的关键问题在于原数据信息量不足时引入额外信息和保留关键信息两方面。提出了构造地理要素趋势面的基本构想,搭建了一个具有普适性的尺度转换方法框架。核心内容是充分利用地表环境要素时间、空间上的信息作为先验知识,通过关联遥感观测新信息和先验趋势面生成指定时空尺度的地表要素产品。Contemporary remote sensing science is challenged by serious supply-demand contradiction between data acquisition and application capabilities. Scale issue is attributed as a major and essential problem retarding the development of remote sensing in both theories and applications. Due to heterogeneity and complexity of land surface, scale issue naturally arises as how remotesensing observations match phenomenon or process on earth surface or how multi-scale remote sensing observations maintain consistency. Therefore, this paper endeavors to build up a universal scaling methodology framework, which would hopefully hetp interpret and transfer remote sensing products between sensor-defined scales and user-demand scales. To begin with, scale issues in remote sensing are analyzed as： inconsistency between pixel-based remote sensing observation and conventional point-based field measurement, inconsistency between remote sensing products at varied scales, scale adaptabilities of physically-based models and scale inconsistency between remote sensing product and user demand. It is pointed out that multi-scale remote sensing information is related to characteristics of land surface and simple averaging or classic image processing will result unexplainable data. Second, sealing methods are explored in terms of up-scaling and down-scaling. Up-scaling involves scaling from point-based field observations to pixel-based remote sensing observations and scaling between remote sensing products at varied scales. For the former a general way is to introduce extra information while the latter always uses two approaches as clumped or distributed computation. Preferred up-scaling is supposed to reserve key information, but most current methods tend to derive more homogene- ous product of low information quantity. Down-scaling refers to derive data with more detailed information. The insufficiency of information of the original image is unavoidable and it is mandatory to introduce extra information. The earlier downscaling meth- ods

关 键 词：尺度效应 尺度转换 趋势面 先验知识 定量遥感 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]