多井缝洞单元水驱见水模式宏观三维物理模拟  

Macroscopic three-dimensional physical simulation of water flooding in multi-well fracture-cavity unit

作　　者：侯吉瑞[1,2,3] 李海波[1,2,3] 姜瑜[1,2,3] 罗旻[1,2,3] 郑泽宇[1,2,3] 张丽[1,2,3] 苑登御 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)提高采收率研究院 [2]中国石油三次采油重点实验室石油大学研究室 [3]中国石油大学(北京)石油工程教育部重点实验室

出　　处：《石油勘探与开发》2014年第6期717-722,共6页Petroleum Exploration and Development

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目"碳酸盐岩缝洞型油藏提高采收率基础研究"(2011CB201006);国家科技重大专项"缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏提高开发效果技术"(2011ZX05014-003)

摘　　要：根据相似理论,设计并制作了多井缝洞单元宏观三维物理模型,研究缝洞型油藏衰竭式底水驱和注水补充能量开采时水驱特征及油井见水模式。结果表明,底水驱时,受底水衰竭和油井见水的影响,初期呈产能高、递减快的特征;注水补充能量后,产能在短期内回升,之后缓慢下降;底水驱阶段,在底水直进井处易发生底水锥进,呈点状见水,见水时间主要由油井与底水的连通程度决定;注水能起到压锥的作用,抑制底水侵入,使底水驱阶段的点状见水转变为平面线状见水,注水阶段见水时间主要受井深影响。多井缝洞单元水驱油井含水率变化类型可以分为缓慢上升型、阶梯式上升型和暴性水淹型,其主要受油井钻遇储集体类型及配位数影响:油井钻遇溶洞时,随配位数升高,含水率上升速度减慢;油井钻遇裂缝时,随配位数升高,含水率呈阶梯式变化。A macroscopic three-dimensional physical simulating model of multi-well fracture-cavity units was designed and constructed based on similarity theory. The characteristics and the water breakthrough pattern of fracture-cavity reservoirs developed in bottom water depletion and water injection modes were investigated by the model. The results show that, in bottom water drive, under the effect of bottom water depletion and water breakthrough, the wells had high productivity in early stage and fast decline. After energy supplement by injecting water, the productivity rebounded in a short time and then began a slow decline. The bottom water tended to coning to the wells at the place of bottom water entry. The water breakthrough pattern is punctiform and the water breakthrough time is controlled by the well＇s connectivity to the bottom water; the water injection can inhibit coning and intrusion of bottom water, turning the punctiform water breakthrough in bottom water drive period into planar line form, and the water breakthrough time in water injection period was mainly influenced by the well depth. The water cut of wells in water flooding multi-well fracture-cavity units changes in three patterns： slow rise, staircase rise and abrupt watered-out, which is influenced by the reservoir type and the coordination number. When the well encounters cavity, the water cut increasing rate slows down with the increase of the coordination number; when the well drilled fractures, the water cut changes in staircase pattern with the increase of coordination number.

关 键 词：缝洞型油藏 宏观三维物理模型 相似理论 底水锥进 注水压锥 含水率变化规律 

分 类 号：TE344[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]