2011年山东省地方性氟中毒监测结果分析  

Analysis of the monitoring results of endemic fluorosis in Shandong Province in 2011

作　　者：云中杰[1] 高杰[1] 尹玉岩[1] 边建朝[1] 陈培忠[1] 张本政 

机构地区：[1]山东省地方病防治研究所氟中毒与大骨节病防治研究科,济南250014

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2014年第6期633-637,共5页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基　　金：中央补助地方公共卫生专项资金地方病防治项目（2011）;山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目（2013WS0177）

摘　　要：目的 了解山东省地方性氟中毒的病情现状.方法 按照国家《饮水型地方性氟中毒监测方案（试行）》和《山东省饮水型地方性氟中毒监测方案（试行）》的要求,在山东省选择10个县（市、区）,每个县（市、区）抽取10个改水工程,调查改水工程运行效果,每个工程采集末梢水水样1份,检测水氟含量;每个县（市、区）选择3个病区村作为固定监测村,在已改水村,采集末梢水水样1份;在未改水村,按照东、西、南、北、中5个方位各采集水样1份,检测水氟含量;对监测村的全部8～12岁学生进行氟斑牙检查.水氟检测采用氟离子选择电极法;氟斑牙诊断采用Dean法.结果 ①在10个县（市、区）中,共监测改水工程85个,均正常运转;水氟合格工程47个,合格率为55.29％,水氟最大值为4.74 mg/L.②30个固定监测村中,已改水村27个,水氟合格村19个,合格率为70.37％,水氟最大值为4.77 mg/L;未改水村3个,其中水氟≤1.20 mg/L的村有2个,＞1.20mg/L的村1个,水氟最大值为1.55 mg/L.③在19个改水工程运转正常且水氟含量合格的监测村中,儿童氟斑牙检出率为52.37％（508/970）,缺损型氟斑牙检出率为6.39％（62/970）,氟斑牙指数为1.02;在8个改水工程运转正常而水氟含量超标的监测村中,儿童氟斑牙检出率为62.39％（297/476）,缺损型氟斑牙检出率为8.82％（42/476）,氟斑牙指数为1.67;在3个未改水村中,儿童氟斑牙检出率为49.45％（90/182）,缺损型氟斑牙检出率为7.14％（13/182）,氟斑牙指数为1.25.结论 山东省改水降氟工程的水氟超标严重,改水工程的水质质量还需改善;有效改水对控制病区氟斑牙病情起到了一定的作用,但儿童氟斑牙病情仍较严重,需进一步加大防控力度.Objective To understand the status of endemic fluorosis in Shandong Province.Methods In accordance with the requirements of the ＂National Surveillance Scheme of Drinking-Water-Type Endemic Fluorosis （Trial）＂ and ＂Shandong Provincial Surveillance Scheme of Drinking-Water-Type Endemic Fluorosis （Trial）＂,ten counties （cities,districts） were chosen in the province,and ten water-improvement projects were selected in each county （city,district）.The operating effect of water-improvement projects was investigated; one peripheral water sample of each project was collected,and water fluoride content was tested.Three epidemic villages were chosen as fixed monitoring villages in each county （city,district）.In the villages that had changed water source,one peripheral water sample was collected; in unchanged water source villages,one water sample was collected following five different directions of the east,the west,the south,the north and the center of the water source location; and the water fluoride content was tested.All students aged 8 to 12 were checked for dental fluorosis in the monitoring villages.The fluoride content in drinking water was detected by fluoride ion selective electrode method,and dental fluorosis was diagnosed by Dean＇s method.Results ① In the 10 counties （cities,districts）,a total of 85 water-improving projects were monitored,and all the projects were in normal operation; the water fluoride contents of 47 projects were qualified,and the qualified rate of water fluoride content was 55.29%（47/85）,with the maximum of water fluoride content was 4.74 mg/L.② In the 30 fixed monitoring villages,27 monitored villages had water-improving projects; water fluoride contents of 19 villages were qualified,the qualified rate of water fluoride content was 70.37% （19/27）,with the maximum of water fluoride content was 4.77 mg/L.In the 3 monitored villages without water-improving projects,villages of mean water fluoride contents ≤ 1.20 mg/L and 〉 1.20 mg/L were two and on

关 键 词：水 氟中毒 牙 监测 数据收集 

分 类 号：R599[医药卫生—内科学]