2011年辽宁省碘缺乏病病情监测结果分析  

Analysis of the monitoring results on iodine deficiency disorders in Liaoning Province in 2011

作　　者：阚忠媛[1] 王健辉[1] 王□茜 辛玉梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省疾病预防控制中心地方病防制所,沈阳110005

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2014年第6期667-670,共4页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

摘　　要：目的 了解辽宁省碘缺乏病病情现状,掌握食用盐碘浓度调整前人群碘营养水平.方法 采用人口比例概率抽样法,在辽宁省选取30个县（市、区）,按地理位置划分为沿海和内陆地区,按人口特征划分为城市和农村地区.每个县（市、区）抽取1个乡（镇、街道办事处）,每个乡（镇、街道办事处）抽取1个村（居委会）和1所小学.在每所小学抽取40名8～ 10岁学生,检查甲状腺容积并采集其家中盐样;在抽中的40名学生中,再选取14名学生,采集1份尿样,测定尿碘;每个村（居委会）,按东、西、南、北、中5个方位各抽取1份居民饮用水水样,如为集中式供水则采集2份末梢水水样,检测水碘;在每所学校附近选取3个乡（镇、街道办事处）,每个乡（镇、街道办事处）抽取孕妇和哺乳期妇女各5人,采集尿样,测定尿碘.儿童甲状腺容积检测采用超声法,盐碘检测采用直接滴定法,尿碘及水碘检测采用砷铈催化分光光度法.结果 共检测8～ 10岁学生1 219名,检出甲状腺肿大29人,甲状腺肿大率为2.4％（国家标准：＜5％）.共检测盐样1 219份,盐碘中位数为30.1 mg/kg,碘盐覆盖率为99.3％（1 211/1 219）,合格碘盐食用率为97.9％（1 194/1 219）.共检测8～ 10岁儿童尿样480份,尿碘中位数为189.0 μg/L（碘适宜：100～ 199 μg/L）,尿碘＜20 μg/L的占0.6％ （3/480）.共采集居民饮用水水样99份,水碘含量为（5.9±5.7）μg/L.共采集孕妇、哺乳期妇女尿样451、450份,尿碘中位数分别为163.2、151.0μg/L（碘适宜：150 ～ 249 μg/L、＞100μg/L）.其中沿海城市孕妇尿碘中位数为135.4 μg/L,沿海农村为138.0 μg/L;内陆城市孕妇尿碘中位数为168.0 μg/L,内陆农村为171.1μg/L;沿海与内陆比较差异有统计学意义（H=14.287 6,P＜ 0.05）.结论 辽宁省儿童、孕妇及哺乳期妇女的碘营养状况总体处于适宜水平,但沿海地区孕妇碘营养不足.Objective To understand the condition of iodine deficiency disorders,and the iodine nutritional status of population before adjustment of iodine level in edible salt in Liaoning Province.Methods Thirty countries （cites,districts） which were divided into coastal,inland,city,rural areas according to location and population characteristics were sampled by population probability sampling method in the whole province; one township （town,street office） was sampled from each country （city,district）; one village （neighborhood） and one school were chosen from each township（town,street office）.Forty children aged 8-10 were selected from each school to measure their thyroid volumes and household salt samples were collected to detect their iodine content; fourteen of those 40 children were selected to detect their urinary iodine content.In each village （neighborhood）,five drinking water samples were collected in the east,the west,the south,the north and the center positions.Two tap water samples were collected to detect their iodine content if the water supply was centralized.Around each school; three townships were selected,in each township,random urine samples were collected from 5 pregnant women and 5 lactating women to detect their iodine content.Thyroid volume was examined by ultrasound method; the salt iodine was tested by the method of direct titration; iodine content of urine and drinking water was tested by arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometry.Results Totally one thousand two hundred and nineteen children aged 8-10 were examined; twenty-nine children were diagnosed goiter,and the goiter rate was 2.4%（national standards：〈 5%）.One thousand two hundred and nineteen edible salt samples were tested,and the median salt iodine level was 30.1 mg/kg.The iodized salt coverage rate was 99.3%（1 211/1 219）,and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 97.9%（1 194/1 219）.Four hundred and eighty urine samples were tested,and the median urinary iodine level was 189.0 μg/L（su

关 键 词：甲状腺 尿 盐类 碘 监测 

分 类 号：R599[医药卫生—内科学]