强制戒毒人群生命质量及其影响因素研究  

Research on Relationship between Quality of Life and Related Factors of Addicts Enforcing Detoxification

作　　者：张态[1] 董海斌 杨弋星[1] 李敏 

机构地区：[1]大理学院公共卫生学院,云南大理671000 [2]大理州强制戒毒所,云南大理671000

出　　处：《大理学院学报（综合版）》2014年第10期67-71,共5页Journal of Dali University

摘　　要：目的:了解强制戒毒所戒毒人群的生命质量及其影响因素,为开展对戒毒人群的心理干预提供参考。方法:通过整群抽样获得了大理州强制戒毒所350名戒毒学员作为调查对象,利用自设问卷对调查对象进行面对面现场调查,问卷内容包括戒毒人员人口学特征、入所前吸毒方式和时间、戒毒持续时间和次数,同时采用WHOQOL-BREF量表对戒毒者生命质量进行评价。结果:强制戒毒人群生命质量生理、心理、社会关系和环境领域的得分别为(57.07±14.68),(60.56±19.20),(56.34±15.49)和(51.45±18.44),总生存质量与健康状况得分为(78.56±14.78);经过单因素分析发现静脉注射吸毒和混合吸毒者生理、心理和环境领域的生命质量得分明显低于单纯口吸毒者,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同吸毒持续时间对戒毒者生理、心理、社会关系、环境和总生命质量比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);多重线性回归分析显示年龄、吸毒持续时间和与他人共用注射器静脉吸毒特征为调查对象生命质量的危险因素且为负向影响(P<0.05)。结论:戒毒所强制戒毒人群的生命质量水平偏低,应结合戒毒者个体吸毒特征进行早期的心理行为干预,采取综合措施提高其生命质量和健康水平。Objective：The purpose of this study was to explore quality of life （QOL） and related factors in heroin addicts enforcing detoxification （HAED）. Methods：350 cases of heroin addicts in Labor Education Station of Dali Prefecture were surveyed using multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method and quality of life was assessed by the WHOQOL-BREF. Results：Quality of life （QOL） for the heroin addicts enforcing detoxification was （78.56 ± 14.78）, and also each domain score was （57.07 ± 14.68）, （60.56 ± 19.20）, （56.34 ± 15.49） and （51.45±18.44） for physical, psychological, social relationships, and environmental function, respectively. The QOL score of life in physical, psychological and environmental domains in inject drugs group were higher than smoking group （P 〈 0.05）; time of drug addiction is a vital factor to reduce the score of QOL for HAED in all domains. QOL of HAED was negative associated with age, years with heroin use and way of injection heroin with other use using multiple regression models. Conclusion： It was vital to take comprehensive measures for physical and psychological aspects to improve quality of life of the drug a heroin addicts based on their characteristic of heroin use addicts.

关 键 词：强制戒毒人群 生命质量 影响因素 多重分析 

分 类 号：R996[医药卫生—毒理学]