长距离输油管道泄漏监测技术分析及研究建议  

Analysis and proposal on leak detection of long-distance oil pipeline

作　　者：王立坤[1] 王洪超[1] 熊敏[1] 吴家勇[1] 许斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油管道科技研究中心油气管道输送安全国家工程实验室,河北廊坊065000

出　　处：《油气储运》2014年第11期1198-1201,共4页Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation

摘　　要：作为油气资源输送主要方式的管道一旦失效发生泄漏,可能引发灾难性后果,必须及早发现、及时处理。分析了输油管道泄漏监测技术原理及其分类方法,泄漏监测技术均通过检测管道外部环境或者管道内部流体参数变化实现,主要有管道平衡法、实时瞬态模型法、统计分析法、音波/负压波法。调研了近几年国内外油气管道泄漏监测系统的应用情况,结合国内某管道运营公司的泄漏事故分析了其使用效果。最后指出基于超声波流量计的流量平衡法和负压波法相结合,是目前长输油品管道最实用的管道泄漏监测技术。Pipeline is a major way to transport oil and gas, and its leakage due to failure may lead to disastrous consequences. Therefore, it is essential to early find and immediately treat this hazard and pay high attention to the safety of pipeline operation. In this paper, the principles and classification of leak detecting technologies for oil pipeline are described. The leak detecting technologies, which are all realized by detecting the environment outside the pipeline or the variation of fluid parameters in the pipeline, include flowrate balance method, real-time transient model, statistical analysis, and sonic/ negative pressure wave method. Furthermore, the performance of pipeline leak detection system in China and abroad in recent years is investigated, and its application in a leak accident of a Chinese pipeline operating company is discussed. Finally, it is proposed that the combination of flowrate balance method and negative pressure wave method based on ultrasonic flowmeter is most practical for leak detection of current long-distance oil pipelines.

关 键 词：长距离输油管道 泄漏监测 超声波流量计 流量平衡法 

分 类 号：TE88[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]