云南野生和逸生苜蓿资源形态分化研究  

Study on Morphological Differentiation of the Wild and Escaped Alfalfa Germplasm Resources in Yunnan

作　　者：马向丽[1] 杨蔚 毕玉芬[1] 车伟光[3] 任健[1] 许文花[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学动物科学技术学院,云南昆明650201 [2]红云红河集团昆明卷烟厂,云南昆明650201 [3]云南农业大学园林园艺学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第6期847-852,共6页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目子课题(2011BAD17B02);国家自然科学基金项目(30860198)

摘　　要：对30份云南野生和逸生苜蓿材料形态分化特征进行定量测定及主成分和聚类分析,为多目标苜蓿品种选育提供种质资源.结果表明：（1）供试材料的株高、茎粗、主茎长度、节间长、叶面积变异较大,变化范围分别为21.27～72.57 cm,1.08 ～3.83 mm,18.10～64.43cm,4.42-7.61 cm,0.32～1.03 cm2;（2）株高、主茎长度和节间数是供试苜蓿材料形态分化的主要性状;（3）通过聚类分析,将30份苜蓿材料聚为7大类,聚类结果与供试苜蓿资源材料的生境和地理分布既有一定一致性,又有一定差异.供试苜蓿材料从形态上分为矮秆小叶型、粗秆大叶型、粗秆中叶型和过渡型苜蓿,这些类型为南方多目标苜蓿品种选育提供了极好的亲本材料.Morphological characteristics of 30 wild and escaped alfalfa germplasm resources were studied based on principal components and cluster analysis in order to select suitable breeding material.The results indicated that （1） there were significant differences in plant height,stem diameter,length of main stem,and internode length as well as leaf area among these alfalfa germplasm,and their change ranges were from 21.27 cm to 72.57 cm,from 1.08 mm to 3.83 mm,from 18.10 cm to 64.43 cm,from 4.42 cm to 7.61 cm and from O.32 cm to 1.03 cm2,respectively; （2） Plant height,length of main stem and internode number were the main morphological differentiation indexes of these germplasm; （3） According to results of the cluster analysis of morphological characteristics,30 wild and escaped alfalfa could be classified into 7 types.Cluster analysis indicated that there was coherence in their geographic distribution of these materials.However,differences were also observed.Of these alfalfa,materials were classified as different types like the dwarf plant and small leaf type,the thick stem and large leaf type,thick stem and medium leaf type,the high plant and large leaf type and the transitional type,which could be used as crossing parent in southern China.

关 键 词：苜蓿 形态分化 主成分分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S551.7[农业科学—作物学]