水合肼法制备金纳米粒子的工艺条件  

Preparation Process Condition of Gold Nanoparticles by the Hydrazine Hydrate Method

作　　者：盛国军[1] 李德良[1,2] 冯能清[2] 黄世玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学林学院,长沙410004 [2]中南林业科技大学材料科学与工程学院,长沙410004

出　　处：《微纳电子技术》2014年第11期737-742,共6页Micronanoelectronic Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(20976201);湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(07JJ6156)

摘　　要：以硫代硫酸金钠（Na3AU（S2O3）2）和水合肼（N2H4·H2O）为原料，聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮（PVP）作保护剂，一步还原制备出了一种单分散纳米金溶胶溶液。通过单因素实验和正交实验研究了水合肼用量、PVP用量、溶液的PH值和反应温度等主要因素对纳米金制备及其粒径的影响，用紫外可见光谱和透射电子显微镜（TEM）对纳米金溶胶进行了表征。结果表明，对纳米金制备影响最大的因素是水合肼用量，其次是反应温度和PVP用量，影响最小的是溶液PH值。最佳工艺条件为：水合肼与金的摩尔质量比为10：1，PVP与金的质量比为1．5：1，反应温度为85℃，pH值为12，此条件下制得的纳米金颗粒呈球形，粒径尺寸为20～30nm。With Na3Au（S2O3）2 and N2H4 · H2O as the reactants, polyvinylpyrrolidone （PVP） as the protectant, the monodisperse gold nanoparticle sol solution was successfully synthesized by one-step reduction process. Effects of the main factors on the preparation and size of gold nanoparticles, including the amounts of hydrazine hydrate and PVP, pH value of the solution and reaction temperature, were studied by the single factor test and orthogonal test. The transmis- sion electron microscopy （TEM） and UV-VIS spectroscopy were used to characterize the samples. The results indicate that the amount of hydrazine hydrate is the most important factor affecting the preparation of gold nanoparticles, while the pH value of the solution is the minimum factor, and the influences of the reaction temperature and the amount of PVP are between them. And the optimum conditions are： the molar mass ratio of hydrazine hydrate and Au is 10 ： 1, the mass ratio of PVP and Au is 1.5 ： 1, the reaction temperature is 85 ~C with the pH value of 12, under which the size of the spherical gold nanoparticles is 20-30 nm.

关 键 词：金纳米粒子 硫代硫酸金钠 还原 水合肼 正交实验 

分 类 号：O614.123[理学—无机化学] TB383[理学—化学]