牛磺酸对哺乳动物大脑发育及抗缺氧缺血性脑损伤的作用  

Effects of taurine on the development of the mammalian brain and anti-hypoxic ischemic brain damage

作　　者：罗济璇[1] 舒斯云[1] 马林 吴升[3] 王斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学珠江医院儿科中心,广州510280 [2]解放军301总医院放射科,北京100853 [3]南京军区杭州疗养院,331007

出　　处：《国际儿科学杂志》2014年第6期585-590,共6页International Journal of Pediatrics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目（81271524和81371514）

摘　　要：牛磺酸是存在于哺乳动物大脑中类似γ-氨基丁酸的抑制性氨基酸,可与甘氨酸受体结合激活皮质纹状体通路,发挥着平衡大脑兴奋性和抑制性过程的重要作用.它的浓度在哺乳动物大脑发育过程中持续升高至断奶期,到成年后达到稳定水平.牛磺酸具有强大的抗氧化应激、抗炎和抗凋亡作用,并且可以改善缺氧缺血性脑损伤,促进神经细胞增殖分化,影响胎儿脑发育.动物实验表明补充牛磺酸可促进新生儿脑发育,有保护或减轻脑缺氧缺血性和氧化应激脑损伤的作用.但对于人类能否补充牛磺酸来促进脑发育保护脑损伤,以及在何时补充、补充的剂量和途径的研究资料并不充分,有待于进一步深入研究.As an inhibitory amino acid similar to gama-aminobutyric acid,taurine can activate the corticostriatal pathway as an endogenous ligand for glycine receptors,establishing equilibrium between the excitatory and inhibitory processes in the brain.In mammalian brains,taurine concentrations increase during the developmental period of the brain until weaning,and subsequently decline reaching stable concentrations in adulthood.With abilities of anti-oxidative stress,anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptosis,taurine can improve the hypoxic-ischemic brain injury,promote the proliferation and differentiation of neurons and affect brain development,It needs more investigations to prove when and how taurine supplementation during gestation,baby,children or adult can assist the development of the brain and prevent the damage of the brain from hypoxic and ischemic damage.

关 键 词：抑制性氨基酸 大脑发育 抗氧化应激 抗炎 抗凋亡 

分 类 号：R96[医药卫生—药理学]