桡骨远端不稳定性骨折两种固定方式的生物力学对比试验研究  

Experimental Study on the Biomechanical Comparison between Two Fixation Methods in Treatment of Unstable Distal Radius Fractures

作　　者：刘跃辉 龙宁 吴辉 向勇 李伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]南充市中心医院骨科,四川南充637000

出　　处：《解放军医药杂志》2014年第11期48-51,共4页Medical & Pharmaceutical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army

摘　　要：目的观察跨腕关节支撑钢板固定与跨关节外固定支架固定治疗桡骨远端不稳定性骨折的生物力学稳定性。方法将10具新鲜尸体前臂标本去除软组织后,制备成AO C3型桡骨远端不稳定性骨折模型,并随机分为跨腕关节支撑钢板固定组及跨关节外固定支架固定组,每组5具。分别行跨腕关节支撑钢板固定及跨关节外固定支架固定,行轴向压缩试验及三点弯曲试验,观察两组轴向载荷时桡骨位移变化及弯曲载荷时桡骨桡度变化。结果在轴向压缩试验中,跨腕关节支撑钢板固定组轴向压缩强度大于跨关节外固定支架固定组(P<0.05,P<0.01);在三点弯曲试验中,跨腕关节支撑钢板固定组较跨关节外固定支架组桡度变化小、稳定性强,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论跨腕关节支撑钢板抗压缩及抗弯曲性能优于跨关节外固定支架,适用于桡骨远端不稳定性骨折治疗。Objective To observe the biomechanical stability of wrist buttress plate fixation and extra-articular arthrodesis combined with stand fixation in treatment of unstable distal radius fractures. Methods The models of AO C3 type of unstable distal radius fractures were prepared by using forearm samples without soft tissues from 10 cadavers,and were randomly divided into wrist buttress plate fixation group（ group A,n = 5） and wrist extra-articular arthrodesis combined with stand fixation group（ group B,n = 5）. Group A was treated with wrist buttress plate fixation,while group B was treated with wrist extra-articular arthrodesis combined with stand fixation,and biomechanics tests of axial and bending pressure were performed in the two groups. The radial displacement of axial load and radial variation of bending load in the two groups were observed. Results In the axial compression test,axial compression strength in group A was significantly stronger than that in group B（ P 〈0. 05,P〈0. 01）; in the three point bending test,little radial variation and good stability were found in group A compared with those in group B,and differences were statistically significant（ P〈0. 01）. Conclusion The wrist buttress plate fixation in treatment of unstable distal radius fractures may achieve better anti-compressive and anti-flexural abilities than those by using extra-articular arthrodesis combined with stand fixation.

关 键 词：桡骨远端骨折 外固定支架 支撑钢板 对比研究 生物力学 

分 类 号：R683.415[医药卫生—骨科学]