基于数值模拟的孔腔水动噪声机理及其控制研究  

Study on mechanism and reduction of hydro-acoustical noise induced by flow over an open cavity based on numerical simulation

作　　者：徐俊[1] 唐科范[2,1] 张旭[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学船舶海洋与建筑工程学院,上海200240 [2]上海交通大学水动力学教育部重点实验室,上海200240

出　　处：《水动力学研究与进展（A辑）》2014年第5期618-629,共12页Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics

摘　　要：孔腔水动噪声是水下航行体的主要噪声源之一。该文基于计算流体动力声学(CHA)的多步骤混合方法,对方形孔腔周围涡流场及其等效声源场和声场做了精细数值模拟和分析。文章对孔腔流动噪声源进行了细致空间定位,从而把孔腔流动声源区划分成对应不同发生机理的子区域;然后分别计算了各子声源区对声辐射的贡献,从而区分真假、主次声源;最后针对主要声源的发生机理提出了腔内加隔板的降噪方案。文中的流场计算采用CFD软件FLUENT和大涡模拟(LES)方法,声源场和声场计算采用声学软件ACTRAN,相关数值模拟方法和手段用经典实验数据进行了对比验证。该文所提出的孔腔内加隔板的降噪方案,由数值模拟可知其有显著降噪效果。Hydro-acoustical noise induced by flow over an open cavity is one of the main noise sources of the underwater vehicle. Fine numerical simulations and analyses of the vortex flow, equivalent acoustical source and acoustical fields of the flow over rectangular cavities, are carried out based on multi-step hybrid method of computational hydro-acoustics （CHA） in this paper. Careful spatial locations of hydro-acoustical sources of the cavity flow are carried out, and the acoustical source region is divided into several regions with different hydro-acoustical mechanism. Then the acoustical fields induced by the different source regions are calculated and compared, in order to check out the main and true sources. Finally, the noise reduction scheme with a clapboard, is proposed according to the generation mechanisms of the main sources. The flow field simulation is carried out by using CFD software FLUENT and large eddy simulation （LES）. The hydro-acoustical source and sound field are simulated by using acoustical software ACTRAN. The numerical approaches are verified through the comparisons between the numerical and classic experimental results. According to the numerical simulation, a significant noise reduction is achieved by the noise reduction scheme with a clapboard.

关 键 词：水动噪声数值模拟 孔腔 大涡模拟 Lighthill流声类比 降噪 

分 类 号：TV131.33[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]