不同施肥方式对红地球葡萄产量和品质的影响  

Effect of Different Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Red Globe Grape

作　　者：钟帅[1] 郭春会[1] 鲁春燕[1] 郭改改[1] 张朝红[1] 王跃进[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2014年第11期104-109,共6页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项"果树遗传改良与控制技术研究及其应用"(200903044)

摘　　要：以常规施肥方法为对照,通过大田试验研究牛皮纸包装缓释施肥、无纺布包装袋式缓释肥、活性腐殖酸葡萄专用冲施肥及"葡萄株平衡施肥"几种施肥方式及N、P、K不同施肥量对红地球葡萄光合特性、叶片叶绿素SPAD值、产量和品质等的影响。结果表明,4种施肥方式比较,牛皮纸包装缓释施肥的使用效果最好,红地球葡萄叶片叶绿素SPAD值同期相比最高,净光合速率(Pn)提高8.3%,果实硬度提高4.85%,可溶性固形物质量分数提高8.0%,糖酸比提高8.43%,还原性维生素C提高67.59%,可滴定酸质量分数降低3.83%,产量比对照提高24.111%,在4种施肥方式中施用效果最优,而且使果实品质得到明显改善。因此,牛皮纸包装缓释施肥在红地球葡萄生产上有较好的缓释效果,保肥能力强,可以作为当地红地球生产的有效缓释施肥措施。In order to save fertilizer and labor costs on Red Globe grape and eco-environment protection,conventional methods of fertilization as the control,field experiments was conducted to evaluate the effect of Kraft paper packing slow-release fertilizer,non-woven packaging bag slow-release fertilizer,activity humic acid grape fertilization and a different dosage of four times into the N,P,K fertilizer on photosynthetic characteristics,leaf chlorophyll content,grain yield and quality of red globe grape.The results showed that,compared with other four kinds of fertilizer application methods,the effect of Kraft paper packaging of slow-release fertilizer is the best,leaf chlorophyll content by 8.3%,net photosynthetic rate by 8.3%,fruit hardness by 4.85%,soluble solids mass fraction by 8.0%,sugar acid ratio by 8.43%and vitamin C by 67.59%,titratable acid mass fraction reduced by 3.83%,moreover,the yield of Red Globe grape raised by 24.111%,and fruit quality improved obviously.In conclusion,Kraft paper packing slow-release fertilizer with a good slow release effect and strong fertilizer retaining ability,can be used as effectively slow release fertilizer measures in local Red Globe grape production.

关 键 词：红地球葡萄 产量 品质 缓释施肥 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]