不同粗饲料日粮对泌乳牛产奶性能及经济效益的影响  

Effects of Different Roughage Diets on the Growth Performance and Economic Benefits of Dairy Cows

作　　者：李冰[1] 崔国文[1] 胡国富[1] 冀国旭 王彦庆[1] 牛壮[1] 刘守江[2] 齐永生[2] 李芳[1] 李佶恺[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学动物科技学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [2]大庆市银浪牧场,黑龙江大庆163000

出　　处：《草地学报》2014年第6期1375-1380,共6页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划"东北粮食主产区优质紫花苜蓿高效生产利用技术研究与示范"(2011BAD17B04-2)资助

摘　　要：为研究不同粗饲料日粮对奶牛产奶量、乳成分和经济效益的影响,选取体重、年龄、胎次、泌乳日龄相近的荷斯坦奶牛25头,分别饲喂玉米(Zea mays)秸秆(100%)、玉米秸秆(70%)+苜蓿(Medicago sativa)干草(30%)、羊草(Leymus chinensis)(70%)+苜蓿干草(30%)、全株玉米青贮(70%)+苜蓿干草(30%)和全株玉米青贮(50%)+羊草(30%)+苜蓿干草(20%),精粗比50∶50。结果表明:与粗饲料单纯饲喂玉米秸秆相比,全株玉米青贮+苜蓿干草组可提高产奶量26.52%,提高乳脂率6.03%,增收3.87元·头-1·d-1;其次为全株玉米青贮+羊草+苜蓿干草组,可提高产奶量21.20%,提高乳脂率4.6%,增收2.83元·头-1·d-1;再次为玉米秸秆+苜蓿干草组可提高产奶量10.05%,提高乳脂率2.59%,增收2.46元·头-1·d-1;羊草+苜蓿干草组可提高产奶量11.85%,提高乳脂率2.01%,增收不明显。表明全株玉米青贮+苜蓿干草组饲喂效果最好。In order to explore the effects of different roughage diets on the growth performance and economic benefits of dairy cows,25 Holstein cows,which were similar in body weight,age,parity and lactation age,were divided into five groups randomly fed maize stalk （100%）,maize stalk （70%）＋alfalfa hay （30%）,Leymus chinensis （70%） ＋ alfalfa hay （30%）,whole-plant corn silage （70%） ＋ alfalfa hay （30%） and whole-plant corn silage（50%） ＋ Leymus chinensis （30%） ＋ alfalfa hay （20%）,respectively.The ratio of concentrate to roughage was 50 ∶ 50.The results showed that milk yield increased by 26.52%,milk fat increased by 6.03% and economic benefits increased by 3.87 yuan · head-1 · d-1 in whole-plant corn silage ＋ alfalfa hay group compared to maize stalk group.Milk yield increased by 21.20%,milk fat increased by 4.6% and economic benefits increased 2.83 yuan · head-1 · d-1 in wholeplant corn silage＋ Leymus chinensis ＋ alfalfa hay group.Milk yield increased by 10.05%,milk fat increased by 2.59% and economic benefits increased 2.46 yuan · head-1 · d-1 in maize stalk＋alfalfa hay group.Milk yield increased by 1.85%,milk fat increased by 2.01%,but the economic benefits did not obvious increase in Leymus chinensis＋alfalfa hay group.In a word,the feeding effects of whole-plant corn silage＋alfalfa hay group were the best.

关 键 词：粗饲料 奶牛 生产性能 经济效益 

分 类 号：S816.5[农业科学—饲料科学]