基于浮游植物群落的安徽太平湖水环境生态评价  

Environmental assessment of Lake Taiping (Anhui Province) based on a phytoplankton community analysis

作　　者：王俊莉[1] 刘冬燕[1,2] 古滨河[3] 李东京[1] 吴明姝[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学环境科学系,上海200234 [2]上海师范大学城市生态与环境研究中心,上海200234 [3]暨南大学生态学系,广州510063

出　　处：《湖泊科学》2014年第6期939-947,共9页Journal of Lake Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31170441;31070419);上海师范大学原创与前瞻性预研项目(DYL201304);上海地方院校"十二五"内涵建设项目;国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项项目联合资助

摘　　要：安徽太平湖是国家重点保护湖泊,但其生态本底资料非常缺乏.于2012、2013年对太平湖浮游植物群落结构进行了调查,共鉴定出浮游植物126种,隶属7门93属,绿藻门种数最多,共40属68种;浮游植物丰度平均值为127.12×104cells/L,蓝藻与绿藻相对丰度之和达61.5%;生物量平均值为0.74 mg/L,蓝藻和绿藻相对生物量之和达40.3%;太平湖优势种种类多且优势度不高;α-中污染和β-中污染指示种分别为9和28种,占总种数的7.1%和22.2%;各采样点Shannon-Wiener、Margalef和Pielou均匀度指数的均值分别2.48、2.35和0.71.利用各种浮游植物特征参数对太平湖水营养水平的评价结果不太一致,而各指标对太平湖水质污染状况的评价较为一致,为β-α-中污染.与以往的数据进行比较发现,太平湖浮游植物种类组成上未发生大的变化,丰度及生物量呈现增加的趋势,指示水体清洁的种类消失,新增的浮游植物种类超过50%为中污带指示种,但未见P-多污带指示种类出现,说明太平湖水生态环境质量有所下降,但没有达到恶化的程度.Lake Taiping is one of the national key protected lakes,but its ecological baseline information is lacking.A preliminary study was conducted on the phytoplankton community structure in Lake Taiping from September 2012 to March 2013.A total of 126 phytoplankton species belonging to 7 phyla,93 genera were identified.The phytoplankton community was dominated by Chlorophyta,which is comprised of 40 genera and 68 species.The average phytoplankton cell density was 127.12 × 10^4 cells/L,in which Cyanophyta and Chlorophyta cells accounted for 61.5% of the total cell density.The average phytoplankton biomass is 0.74 mg/L and 40.3% of them was Cyanophyta and Chlorophyta.There were a nunber of dominant planktonic species in Lake Taiping but none of them absolutely dominated.The number of indicator species of alpha and beta pollution is 9 and 28,accounting for 7.1% and 22.2% of the total number of the species in the lake,respectively.The averages of Shannon-Wiener,Margalef index and Pielou evenness index at every sampling station were 2.48,2.35 and 0.71,respectively.The indexes of phytoplankton evaluation of Lake Taiping were not consistent,but all the indexes water quality indexes were relatively consistent,indicating that the experienced β-α-moderate pollution.Compared to previous reports,phytoplankton species composition in Lake Taiping did not change significantly.Cell density and biomass showed an increasing trend.Besides,the indicator species of clean-water have disappeared.More than 50% of the algal species were new to this lake and were indicator species of mesosaprobic zone,but indicator species of P-polysaprobic zone are not found.This suggests that the curent water quality has declined,but is not deteriorated.

关 键 词：太平湖 浮游植物 群落结构 优势种 多样性指数 生态评价 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]