2005-2012年济南市细菌性痢疾流行病学分析  

Epidemiological analysis for bacillary dysentery during 2005-2012 in Jinan City

作　　者：任玲香 杨晓倩[1] 赵建云[1] 许华茹[1] 李战[1] 

机构地区：[1]济南市疾病预防控制中心,山东济南250001

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2015年第1期14-16,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨2005—2012年济南市细菌性痢疾（简称菌痢）的流行特征，掌握其流行规律，为进一步控制该病流行，及时修改并制定预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法，对2005—2012年济南市菌痢发病资料进行分析。结果2005—2012年济南市共报告菌痢发病11339例，发病率呈逐年下降，年均发病率为22．50／10万；每年发病集中在6-9月，发病高峰期为7-8月，发病具有明显的季节性；年均发病率自城市中心区到周边郊区逐渐降低，占前三位的是市中区、天桥区、槐荫区，年均发病率分别为38．69／10万，37．33／10万和36．60／10万，发病率最低的是章丘、济阳，年均发病率分别为9．71／10万，8．66／10万；发病人群以散居儿童和学生为主，其次是农民；发病率年龄段以0～，1～，2～为最高；男女发病率比例为1．29：1（X^2=22．17，P〈0．001）；大部分为临床诊断病例，实验室确诊率仅为15％。结论济南市近8年来菌痢发病率逐年下降，散居儿童、学生和农民为重点防治对象，需提高菌痢的实验室确诊率，以降低菌痢临床诊断的误诊率，应在本病流行季节加强对重点人群和重点地区的教育防治工作。Objective To explore the epidemiological features of dysentery bacillary during 2005-2012 in Jinan City and to provide scientific basis for further formulating and adjusting the prevention and control strategy for this disease. Methods Using descriptive epidemiological method, we analyzed the data of dysentery bacillary during 2005-2012 in Jinan City. Results There were 11339 bacillary dysentery cases diagnosed and reported during 2005-2012 in Jinan City, with an annual average incidence of 22.50/100, 000 and annually decreased incidences. The disease concentrated from June to September, and July and August were the peak season. There was an obvious seasonality. The annual incidence decreased gradually from the downtown area to the suburb. The top three annual average incidences, 38.69/100 000, 37.33/100 000 and 36.60/100 000, occurred in Shizhong District, Tianqiao District and Huaiyin District, respectively, while Zhangqiu City and Jiyang County had lowest annual average incidences, which were 9.71/100 000, 8.66/100 000, respectively. Scattered children and students were the major population at risk, followed by farmers. 0-, 1-, 2- age group had the highest incidence. Males to females prevalence ratio was 1.29：1 （%2=22.17, P〈0.001）. The majority was clinically diagnosed cases and the laboratory confirmed cases took up only 15%. Conclusion Incidences of bacillary dysentery during 2005-2012 decreased year by year. Scattered children, students and peasants were the main population at risk and targets for prevention and control. It is proposed to a） enhance bacillary dysentery laboratory diagnosis rate to reduce the clinical misdiagnosis rate; b） strengthen the health education and the prevention and treatment focusing on the key groups and the key area during epidemic season.

关 键 词：细菌性痢疾 流行病学 发病率 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学]