深海矿产资源岩芯探测取样技术与装备发展历程与趋势  

Review and Development Trends of Deep-sea Mineral Resource Core Sampling Technology and Equipment

作　　者：刘德顺[1] 金永平[2] 万步炎[1] 彭佑多[1] 黄筱军[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南科技大学先进矿山装备教育部工程研究中心,湘潭411201 [2]中南大学,长沙410083

出　　处：《中国机械工程》2014年第23期3255-3265,共11页China Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)资助项目(2012AA091301);湖南省科技重大专项(2014FJ1004)

摘　　要：海底岩芯取样钻机是开展海洋地质及环境科学研究、进行海洋矿产资源勘探和海底工程地质勘察所必备的关键技术装备。首先对世界深海岩芯探测取样技术与装备的发展历程进行了梳理,重点介绍了目前世界上几种典型的海底岩芯取样钻机性能、结构和技术特点;然后,分别对海底岩芯取样钻机中的稳定支撑及调平技术、取芯技术、钻杆钻具接卸存储技术、液压系统与压力平衡技术、光纤动力复合电缆供电与通讯技术、下放与回收技术等关键技术进行了分析;最后,分析和预测了深海矿产资源岩芯探测取样技术与装备的发展趋势——将朝着大型化、多用途化、智能化、专业化和便利化以及高保真取样方向发展。Seafloor rock drill is the necessary equipment for marine geologic and environmental investigation.The present situations of deep-sea mineral resource core sampling technology and equipment were summarized,and the performance,structure and technology characteristics of several kinds of typical seafloor rock drill were focused on.The supporting and leveling mechanism technology,core sampling technology,drill string making and breaking and drill rods storage magazines technology,hydraulic system and pressure compensation technology,high voltage power supply and high-speed data communication technology by armored power communication cable and launch and recovery technology of key technological problems of seafloor rock drill were analyzed.Based on analyses of the development of seafloor rock drill,it will develop into large-size,multiuse,intellectualization,professionalization,facilitation and truth-preserving sampling.

关 键 词：深海 矿产资源 海底钻机 岩芯探测取样 

分 类 号：P742[天文地球—海洋科学]