异形单牙轮钻头破岩仿真及齿形选择  

Rock Breaking Simulation and Cutter Selection of the Special Single Cone Bit

作　　者：邓嵘[1] 敖建章 杨松[1] 安美 

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学机电工程学院

出　　处：《石油机械》2014年第12期11-16,共6页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：四川省科技支撑计划项目"材料的高效切削与输送技术研究"(2013GZX0159)

摘　　要：为了给异形单牙轮钻头每个齿圈选择出破岩效率较高的齿形,进而达到提高整个钻头破岩效率的目的,对异形单牙轮钻头破岩机理进行了研究,建立了异形单牙轮钻头与岩石相互作用的仿真模型,通过有限元分析软件LS-DYNA对钻头的破岩过程进行了仿真,而且通过物理试验对仿真结果进行了验证,并将试验结果与仿真结果进行了对比。建模时牙齿和岩石单元划分均采用三维8节点实体单元3DSOLID164,对岩石的周围和底边采用无放射边界条件并进行全方位约束。分析结果表明,用LS-DYNA仿真软件可以对单牙轮钻头的破岩过程进行较真实的计算机仿真,且能得出理想的结果;异形单牙轮钻头小端齿刮切量较大,大端齿冲击量较大,在为这些齿圈选择和设计牙齿时应综合考虑。To select cutters with high rock breaking efficiency for each cutter row of special single cone bit, and thus to improve the whole rock breaking efficiency of the bit, the rock breaking mechanism of the special single cone bit is studied. Based on the established interaction model of the special single cone bit and rock, the process of breaking is simulated by using finite element analysis software LS-DYNA. The simulation is then verified by com- paring the simulation and physical test results. In the model, the cutter and rock units are divided by three-dimen- sional 8-node solid elements 3DSOLID164. The surrounding and bottom of the rock are fully constrained by non-ra- dioactive boundary conditions. The results show that the rock breaking process of the special single cone bit simula- ted by LS-DYNA simulation software is practical, and can draw desired results. The cutters with small end have large scraping volume, and the large-ended cutters have great impact, which should be considered in cutter selec- tion and design for the cutter row.

关 键 词：异形单牙轮钻头 破岩机理 牙齿 齿圈 破碎坑 仿真 

分 类 号：TE921[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]