统计生命价值研究综述  

A review of progress in study on value of a statistical life

作　　者：于汐[1,2] 唐彦东[2] 刘春平[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国地震局工程力学研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150090 [2]防灾科技学院经济管理系,河北三河065201

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2014年第9期146-151,共6页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：中国地震局教师科研基金资助(20110128)

摘　　要：为评估防灾减灾、职业安全、环境治理等决策中人的生命价值问题,基于统计生命价值(VSL)基本概念,评述劳动市场生命价值理论和实证研究进展,重点深入探讨年龄效应和收入效应这2个因素对VSL的影响,并阐述生命价值与死亡赔偿标准之间的关系。结果表明:VSL反映的是风险变化时的支付意愿(WTP)或受偿意愿(WTA),仅代表一种概率,可通过"事前"选择来确定;VSL并非特定人的生与死的价值,不能用其来确定死亡赔偿标准。VSL is an important foundation for evaluating the economic rationalty of disaster prevention and mitigation,occupational safety,environmental governance policies and measures. The paper reviews progress in theoretical and empirical researches on VSL. Income level,age,cultural background,labor market rules and regulations and other factors affect the VSL. Age effects and income effects have been well studied. The basic conclusions the authors arrived at are that VSL reflects WTP or WTA when risk changes,that VSL just means a probability,and its value is assessed by ex-ante choice determining,that VSL is not a value of specific person’s live and death,and that VSL cannot be used to determine the death compensation standards.

关 键 词：统计生命价值(VSL) 支付意愿(WTP) 受偿意愿(WTA) 年龄效应 收入效应 防灾减灾 

分 类 号：X915.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学]