上海地方大豆品种资源主要农艺性状的鉴定评价  

Evaluation of Agronomic Characteristics for Soybean Landraces from Shanghai Chongming Islands

作　　者：宋荣浩[1] 朱丽华[2] 顾卫红[2] 杨红娟[2] 马坤[2] 智海剑[3] 单志慧[4] 

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院植物保护研究所/上海市设施园艺重点实验室,上海201106 [2]上海市农业科学院园艺研究所,上海201106 [3]南京农业大学大豆研究所,南京210095 [4]中国农业科学院油料作物研究所,武汉430062

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2014年第6期1182-1187,共6页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：上海市重点科技攻关项目(12391900900);上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目(沪农科攻字(2013)第1-3号);上海市科技兴农推广项目(沪农科推字(2011)第2-3号)

摘　　要：为发掘上海地方毛豆资源中潜在优异性状,丰富菜用大豆种质资源,本研究对来自上海崇明岛屿的9份地方毛豆品种资源的主要农艺性状进行了鉴定,结果表明:9份资源的主要农艺性状差异明显。根据各品种的感光性反应,可将9份资源分成春播生态型和夏播生态型2种,其中,六月拔、早绿皮、骨粒青和乌大青为春播生态型,其余品种为夏播生态型。依据各品种的鲜豆粒品质,则将早绿皮、乌大青和黄牛踏扁等归为菜用型大豆优异种质,这些品种具有大荚(荚长大于6.0 cm,荚宽大于1.5 cm)、大粒(干子粒百粒重大于40 g)、茸毛灰白、荚色浅绿和鲜豆粒品质好等优点,而骨粒青的子叶碧绿、子叶大,可作为青豆苗资源开发。9份资源的干子粒粗蛋白含量均大于42%,其中六月拔和细八月白的含量高达45%以上,是优异高蛋白大豆种质。9份资源中未发现抗大豆花叶病毒病Sc-3和Sc-7株系的种质,也未发现抗大豆锈病的资源,有待进一步改良提高其抗病性。In orde to explore the potential excellent agronomic characteristics and enrich the vegetable soybean germplasm of Shanghai soybean landraces,the major agronomic characteristics of nine soybean landraces collected from Shanghai Chongming islands were evaluated.The results showed that there were significant differences among these landraces.Based on the photoperiod reaction,they could be classified into spring and summer ecotypes.Liuyueba,Zaolvpi,Guliqing,and Wudaqing were spring ecotype,and the others were summer ecotype.Based on the seed quality,Zaolvpi,Wudaqing,and Huangniutabian could be excellent germplasm for vegetable soybean breeding.These landraces had large green pods with over 1.5 cm in width and over 6.0 cm in length,and large seeds with100-seed weight greater than 40 g.In addition,their green grains were slightly sweet taste,good flavor and aroma,and their pubescence on the pod was sparse and gray.The landrace Guliqing had green and big cotyledons which could be used for green soybean sprouts production.The protein content in each landrace was over 42%,amongwhich,Liuyueba and Xibayuebai had the highest protein content（over 45%） which could be claasified as high-protein germplasm.However,all these nine landraces did not have good resistances to soybean mosaic virus and soybean rust which required further improvement through plant breeding.

关 键 词：大豆 地方品种 农艺性状 评价 生态型 抗病性 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]