邛海湿地蝗虫物种多样性研究  

Diversity of Grasshoppers Community in Qionghai Wetlands

作　　者：亓东明[1] 

机构地区：[1]西昌学院动物科学学院,四川西昌615013

出　　处：《湿地科学》2014年第5期650-655,共6页Wetland Science

基　　金：四川省教育厅青年基金项目(10ZB054);西昌学院人才引进项目(YJSSA0802;YJSSA0606)资助

摘　　要：2011年9-11月采用系统抽样和随机抽样相结合的方法,对邛海湿地境内5个采样点进行蝗虫（Orthoptera Acridoidea）采集,共获标本1 280个,采集到的蝗虫隶属于3科12种。其中,花胫绿纹蝗（Aiolopus tamulus）、中华稻蝗（Oxya chinensis）和疣蝗（Trilophidia annulata）为优势种。5个采样点中,梦里水乡的蝗虫物种数最多,其他依次为焦家村、核桃村、小渔村和青龙寺。就蝗虫个体数而言,各采样点间存在显著差异（p〈0.05）,焦家村和小渔村的蝗虫数量显著高于其他采样点。蝗虫的丰富度指数和多样性指数在核桃村都最高,在小渔村和青龙寺最低。蝗虫的优势度指数在梦里水乡最高,其次为焦家村和核桃村。蝗虫的均匀度指数分析表明,各采样点间差异较小。单因素方差分析发现,各采样点间各指数差异不显著。相似性分析结果显示,小渔村和焦家村达到极相似水平,青龙寺和焦家村、核桃村和小渔村之间的相似性系数最低。生境分析表明,邛海湿地中农田生境更适宜蝗虫的生长和繁殖。水分、植被和产卵地是影响邛海湿地蝗虫种类的重要因素。The diversity of grasshoppers（Orthoptera： Acridoidea） in 5 sampling points in Qionghai wetland was investigated with the systematic sampling and random sampling methods. 1 280 grasshopper specimens were captured, which were belong to 12 species and 3 families. The results showed that, the Aiolopus tamulus,Oxya chinensis and Trilophidia annulata were the dominant species. The order of species＇ numbers were Menglishuixiang, Jiaojiacun, Hetaocun, Xiaoyucun and Qinglongsi. There were significant differences among the 5 points（p0.05） for the individuals of grasshoppers. The individuals of grasshoppers in Jiaojiacun and Xiaoyucun were significantly higer than the other sites. The analyses of richness index and diversity index showed that Hetaocun was the highest, and Xiaoyucun and Qinglongsi were the lowest. The analyses of dominance index showed that Menglishuixiang was the highest, and the sequence was Jiaojiacun, Hetaocun. The analyses of evenness index showed that there were no significant differences among the 5 points. For above 4indexes, there were no significant differences between groups by One-way ANOVA. Similarity analysis showed that the similarity index of Xiaoyucun vs Jiaojiacun was the most similar, and the similarity index of Qinglongsi vs Jiaojiacun and Hetaocun vs Xiaoyucun were the lowest. The analyses of habitats showed that the farmland in Qionghai wetland was the most suitable to the growth and reproduction of grasshoppers. And the results showed that moisture, vegetation and spawning grounds were the most important factors for grasshoppers in Qionghai wetland.

关 键 词：蝗虫 物种多样性 邛海湿地 

分 类 号：Q968.1[生物学—昆虫学]