不同类型饲料对黄斑篮子鱼幼鱼生长及肌肉蛋白质和脂肪酸组成的影响  

Effects of different diets on growth performance and flesh protein and fatty acid composition in juvenile Siganus canaliculatus

作　　者：徐树德[1,2] 刘雪兵[1] 王树启[1] 游翠红[1] 谢帝芝[1] 李远友[1] 

机构地区：[1]汕头大学海洋生物研究所、广东省海洋生物技术重点实验室,广东汕头515063 [2]广东溢多利生物科技股份有限公司,珠海519060

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2014年第6期529-535,共7页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41276179);科技部国家科技支撑计划(2012BAC07B05);广东省自然科学基金研究团队项目(S2011030005257);广东省海洋生物技术重点实验室开放课题(GPKLMB201302);汕头大学学术创新团队建设科研基金

摘　　要：本研究旨在通过比较不同饲料对黄斑篮子鱼(Siganus canaliculatus)的生长性能和肌肉营养成分的影响,为开发基于以低值海藻为原料的篮子鱼配合饲料提供依据。选用浒苔(Enteromorpha prolifra)和龙须菜(Gracilaria lemaneiformis)以及冰鲜鱼、配合饲料(自制)等4种饲料投喂黄斑篮子鱼8周。结果显示:生长效果以配合饲料组最好,海藻组最差。不同饲料对鱼体的生化成分有明显影响。配合饲料组和冰鲜鱼组全鱼的蛋白和脂肪含量明显高于海藻投喂组,而冰鲜鱼组全鱼的灰分含量明显低于其它3组。从肌肉必需氨基酸和半必需氨基酸占总氨基酸的比例来看,龙须菜组明显高于其它3组,尤以精氨酸和组氨酸的含量最为明显;配合饲料组鱼肌肉的n-3/n-6多不饱和脂肪酸含量明显高于其它各组,而浒苔组鱼肌肉中多不饱和脂肪酸的含量显著高于其它各组。以上结果说明,结合海藻和配合饲料各自在生长或肌肉营养成分上的优点,可望开发出基于此类低值海藻原料的低成本黄斑篮子鱼配合饲料。The study was undertaken to investigate the effects of different diets on growth performance and flesh nutrient composition of juvenile Siganus Canaliculatus, and to provide evidence for developing low-cost formulated diets based on low value seaweed for Siganus canaliculatus. Rabbitfish was fed with four different diets, two macro-seaweed species （Enteromorpha prolifra and Gracilaria lemaneiformis ）, raw fish and a formulated diet for eight weeks. Results showed that the best growth performance was observed in the formulated diet-fed group, and the worst in the seaweed-fed group. Different diets obviously affected the body composition of fish. The protein and lipid contents in the formulated diet and raw fish-fed groups were significantly higher than those of the seaweed-fed group, whereas the ash contents in raw fish-fed group were the lowest among four groups. Concerning the ratio of semi-essential amino acids plus essential amino acids to total amino acids in flesh of fish, the value in seaweed-fed groups was obviously higher than those of other three groups, especially in the contents of arginine and histidine. The ratio of n -3/n -6 polyunsaturated fatty acids （PUFAs） in flesh of formulated diet-fed group was higher than that of other groups, whereas the PUFA contents in fish fed with E. prolifra were the highest among four dietary groups. These results indicated that, considering the growth and flesh nutrient components, and combining their respective advantages of seaweed and formulated diet, it was possible to develop low-cost formulated diets based on the low value seaweed for rabbitfish.

关 键 词：黄斑篮子鱼 低值海藻 配合饲料 生长 肌肉营养成分 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]