北京及周边地区2013年1-3月PM_(2.5)变化特征  

Characteristics of PM_(2.5) in Beijing and Surrounding Areas from January to March in 2013

作　　者：靳军莉[1,2,3] 颜鹏[3] 马志强[4,5] 林伟立[3] 刘宁薇[6] 马建中[1] 张晓春[3] 贾小芳[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象科学研究院,北京100081 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国气象局气象探测中心,北京100081 [4]中国气象局北京城市气象研究所,北京100089 [5]京津冀环境气象预报预警中心,北京100089 [6]中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所,沈阳110016

出　　处：《应用气象学报》2014年第6期690-700,共11页Journal of Applied Meteorological Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2011CB403402)

摘　　要：2013年1-3月北京及周边地区雾、霾高发,气候特征异于常年。利用2013年1—3月北京及周边地区6个地面观测站观测资料,研究PM_(2.5)和黑碳(BC)的质量浓度、区域分布特征及气象要素的影响情况。结果表明:北京及周边地区PM_(2.5)污染呈区域性高值、污染局地积累以及由南向北输送的特征。北京上甸子站在雾、霾与清洁期间BC与PM_(2.5)质量浓度的比值分别为7.1%和10.3%,雾、霾期间低于清洁期间;而河北固城站在雾、霾与清洁期间BC与PM_(2.5)质量浓度的比值分别为17.5%和11.9%,雾、霾期间明显高于清洁期间。二者相反的比值特征反映在清洁的下游地区雾、霾过程中二次生成的气溶胶所占比例较污染的上游地区偏高。Frequent and serious haze and fog events happen from January to March in 2013 in Beijing and sur-rounding areas under special climate conditions,which are different from those in last decades.8 haze and fog events during this period are defined in accordance with the meteorological definition.The observation- al PM2.5 ,black carbon （BC）concentration and the meteorological data at 8 stations in Beijing,Tianjin, Hebei and Shanxi are used to analyze the fine particle matter and BC pollution level and regional character-istics.The meteorological-parameter variation characteristic and its possible influence on transportation and dilution of atmosphere pollutants are investigated as well. Extraordinarily high daily average PM2.5 concentrations （e.g.,579μg·m-3 at Shijiazhuang Station） are found,much higher than former researches.Investigations indicate that even though the diurnal varia-tion of PM2.5 concentration varies from station to station,there is a regional high concentration level of PM2.5 in Beijing and surrounding areas for average,which also has characteristic of local accumulation of air pollutants.Analysis on average surface wind speed and atmospheric vertical stability from NCEP rean-alysis data in Beijing and surrounding areas from January to March since 2006 to 2013 are conducted,re-vealing remarkable feature of low surface wind speed and stable structure in lower part of atmosphere in 2013.During the development of fog and haze events,pollution transportation from south to north are ob-served.High values in south-west and north-east sectors in PM2.5 concentration wind rose correspond to atmospheric-pollutant transportation channel around Beijing. Apart from PM2.5 concentration,BC variation characteristic and its proportion in PM2.5 at Shangdianzi Global Atmosphere Watch Regional Station （SDZ）of Beijing and Gucheng Station （GCH,a rural repre-sentative site）of Hebei are studied to enhance the understanding of distinguishing feature of aerosol pollu-tion and its composition in this reg

关 键 词：雾和霾 P M2 .5质量浓度 黑碳 区域变化特征 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]