从生态化学计量学的角度初探五爪金龙(Ipomoea cairica)的入侵机制  被引量:5

Invasion Mechanisms of Ipomoea Cairica Based on Ecological Stoichiometry:A Preliminary Investigation

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作  者:林威鹏[1] 方丹丹[1] 吴夏明 宁川川 何梁玉 蔡昆争[1] 

机构地区:[1]华南农业大学热带亚热带生态研究所,广东广州510642

出  处:《生态环境学报》2014年第10期1593-1599,共7页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基  金:国家重大基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2011CB100406);广东省大学生科技创新项目(1056412071)

摘  要:五爪金龙(Ipomoea cairica)是一种入侵性极强的外来杂草,在我国华南地区已造成严重危害。前人从传粉、种子萌发特性、再生能力、光能利用能力、土壤肥力利用等方面,对五爪金龙成功入侵华南地区进行研究,文本旨在从生态化学计量学的角度,进一步揭示五爪金龙成功入侵华南地区的机制。本研究通过对华南农业大学校园内10个五爪金龙严重入侵样地进行调查,收集样方中(0.5 m2)的全部植物样品,及植物所在样地20 cm表层土,调查五爪金龙的常见伴生种,测定五爪金龙及伴生种的含水率、叶绿素 SPAD 值,生物量、以及植物、土壤样品的 C、N、P、K 含量,并计算得出植株及土壤的化学计量学指标。结果表明,五爪金龙常与本地种鸡矢藤(Paederia scandens)形成共生群落,共生群落中五爪金龙和鸡矢藤的生物量比值稳定,在5?1~6?1间波动。共存群落中,五爪金龙植株的N、P、K质量分数显著高于鸡矢藤,但C质量分数、w(C)/w(N)、w(C)/w(P)则显著低于鸡矢藤。更有趣的是,共存群落中五爪金龙与鸡矢藤的生物量比值与土壤全量w(N)/w(P)、速效(N)/w(P)呈显著正相关关系,既在五爪金龙生物量在共生群落中的优势程度,随土壤 w(N)/w(P)在5?1~15?1这个范围内的提高而提高。此外,在五爪金龙严重入侵的样地中,五爪金龙植株w(C)/w(P)、w(C)/w(P)、w(N)/w(P)、w(N)/w(K)、w(P)/w(K)等化学计量学特征相比鸡矢藤,也与土壤对应化学计量学特征更为接近。以上4个结果暗示着,在五爪金龙可入侵新样地时,可能通过改变入侵地土壤矿质元素比例,使其更加适合自身吸收,从而促进其成功入侵。本研究将为解释五爪金龙入侵机制提供新的理论参考。Ipomoea cairica is a highly invasive exotic weed leading to severe ecological damage in South China. Many studies have examined the potential invasion mechanisms involving particular traits of seed germination, regeneration ability, photosynthetic capacity and mineral nutrient absorption of the plant. This study aims to investigate the role of ecological stoichiometry in invasive success of the weed. TenI. cairica- invaded quadrats were investigated on South China Agricultural University campus. All plants and topsoil (0- 20 cm) were sampled in the quadrats to determine water content, SPAD value, biomass ofI. cairicaand itscompanion plant (Paederia scandens). The content of C, N, P, and K in plants ofI. cairica,P. scandens and soils were also measured. The results showed thatI. cairicausually co-exists withP. scandens, biomass ratio betweenI. cairica andP. scandenswas stably between 5:1 and 6:1. The content of N, P, K inI. cairica plants was significantly higher than that inP. scandens plants, but the content of C and w(C)/w(N)、w(C)/w(P) was reverse. More interesting, biomass ratio ofI. cairica/P. scandens was positively correlated with the ratio of soil totalw (N)/w (P) and availablew (N)/w(P), and the linear regression was significant. In addition, we found thatw (C)/w(P),w (C)/w(P),w (N)/w(P),w (N)/w(K),w (P)/w(K) inI. cairica plants were more corresponding to soil than those inP. scandens. Our results suggest thatI. cairicamaychange the ratio of different mineral nutrient content in soils in invaded area, which facilitates its competition and invasion. This study may imply a new invasive mechanism ofI. Cairica.

关 键 词:五爪金龙 鸡矢藤 生物量比值 土壤养分 生态化学计量学 

分 类 号:Q948.1[生物学—植物学]

 

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