提高污泥碱性发酵挥发酸积累的新方法  

New Ways to Improve Volatile Fatty Acids Accumulation in Sludge Alkaline Fermentation System

作　　者：李晓玲[1] 彭永臻[1,2] 柴同志[1] 朱建平[1] 王淑莹[2] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学城市水资源与水环境国家重点试验室,哈尔滨150090 [2]北京工业大学北京市水质科学与水环境恢复工程重点试验室,北京100124

出　　处：《环境科学》2014年第7期2658-2663,共6页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51178007);国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目(2012AA063406)

摘　　要：为了加大剩余污泥在碱性条件下的水解酸化程度,本研究尝试了两种新的能促进污泥碱性发酵产酸的方式,分别是向批式的污泥碱性发酵系统中投加未灭菌发酵污泥和投加灭菌发酵污泥,结合温度的影响(10℃和35℃)分别考察了这两种方式对污泥水解酸化效果的影响.结果表明,中温有利于水解酶和产酸菌作用的发挥,增大了污泥的水解酸化程度,体系内有明显的挥发酸(VFAs)积累.35℃条件下,两种方式都在很大程度上促进了新鲜污泥的水解酸化程度,经灭菌后的发酵污泥的投加较等量的未灭菌的发酵污泥的投加效果更为显著.前者的水解速率是后者的2倍,发酵末期酸积累量为后者的1.5倍,且前者在较长的发酵时间内VFAs含量维持恒定.分析两种方式能促进污泥水解酸化的原因得到:未灭菌发酵污泥的投加是向系统中引入了一定量的产酸菌,灭菌发酵污泥的投加引入了大量的较易水解的有机底物.水解产物的增加能在更大程度上影响产酸的效果.因此,中温条件下向污泥碱性发酵系统中投加经灭菌处理后的发酵污泥是提高剩余污泥发酵产酸量更为有效的方式.To improve the hydrolysis and acidification of activated sludge,two new ways,which were adding fermented sludge or sterilized fermented sludge to batch-mode activated sludge alkaline fermentation system,were investigated in this study. Temperature effect was also studied（ 10℃ and 35℃）. Result showed that mesophilic condition greatly enhanced sludge hydrolysis and acidification,which resulted in an obvious volatile fatty acids（ VFAs） accumulation in the system. These two new ways could improve both sludge hydrolysis and acidification. The hydrolysis and acidification efficiencies of adding sterilized fermented sludge system were 2 and 1. 5times higher than those of adding fermented sludge system,respectively. In addition,VFAs content was nearly constant in a long time in sterilized fermented sludge addition system while it greatly consumed in fermented sludge addition system. The reason for this enhancement of two new ways were different,fermented sludge addition increased the amount of hydrolytic enzyme and acid-forming bacteria,while sterilized fermented sludge addition increased the amount of degradable substances,and the result also demonstrated that strengthen hydrolysis was more important than acidification. Therefore,mesophilic condition together with sterilized fermented sludge addition was a more effective way to enhance VFAs accumulation in alkaline sludge fermentation process.

关 键 词：污泥碱性发酵 水解酸化 灭菌 中低温 挥发酸(VFAs) 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]