基于行业标准的木材生产作业系统碳排放  

Carbon Emission of Timber Production Operating System Based on Industry Standards

作　　者：周媛[1] 郑丽凤[1] 周新年[1] 巫志龙[1] 周成军[1] 李丹[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学交通与土木工程学院,福建福州350002

出　　处：《北华大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第6期815-820,共6页Journal of Beihua University（Natural Science）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31070567);福建省自然科学基金项目(2013J01072)

摘　　要：以现行林业行业标准为基础,核算标准工序下木材生产的综合能耗量,并以此计算木材生产作业系统的温室气体排放量.结果表明：在基本条件下机械化木材生产的碳排放在9.4050~12.3488 kg/m3,其中木材运材碳排放最大,约占65.3%~74.7%；其次为集材段（拖拉机占12.2%~15.7%,索道占11.0%~14.3%）；碳排放作业过程还受气温、海拔及林型、蓄积量等的影响,尤其是采伐工序,平均条件下的油锯采伐碳排放是基本条件下的2.22倍.虽然木材运输在平均条件下的碳排放是基本条件的1.5倍,但由于木材运输阶段所占的排放比例最大,因此在实际生产中,提高车辆的使用率与尾气排放技术对降低木材生产的碳排放具有重大意义；从碳排放角度看,油锯采伐—索道集材—绞盘机装车—柴油车运材—水运到材为最优作业模式.研究结果可为森工作业过程中合理选择木材生产作业方式提供科学依据.Based on the current standards of forestry,accounting the comprehensive energy consumption of timber production processes under the standards, this paper calculates the greenhouse gas emissions generated by operation system of timber production. Results show that：under the basic conditions, carbon emission of mechanized timber production is nearly between 9. 405 0~12. 348 8 kg/m3 . Among which,carbon emissions of timber-transportation accounts the most,nearly 65. 3% ~74. 7%. And the next is logging stage （tractor logging is about 12. 2% ~15. 7%,cable logging is about 11. 0% ~14. 3%）;operation process of carbon emissions has still been influenced by temperature, altitude, forest type and amount of growing stock. Especially the cutting procedure,carbon emissions of chain,saw cutting under the most unfavorable conditions is 2. 2 times as much as that under basic conditions. Although carbon emissions of timber transportation under the most unfavorable conditions is 1. 5 times as much as that under basic conditions,because of the timber transportation stage has the largest percentage of emissions,in actual production,it is important to improve the use of the vehicle and exhaust emission technology to reduce carbon emissions of timber production from the perspective of carbon emissions,the optimal operation mode is as chain,saw cutting—cable logging—loading winch—diesel vehicle transportation—water transportation. Results of this research can provide scientific basis for reasonably choosing the mode of production and operation in process of logging industry operation.

关 键 词：碳排放 林业行业标准 木材生产 机械化 

分 类 号：S719[农业科学—林学]