EBPR的快速启动及其与同步硝化反硝化耦合实现污水的脱氮除磷  

Fast start-up of EBPR and its coupling with simultaneous nitrification-denitrification to achieve sewage nutrient removal

作　　者：王晓霞[1] 王淑莹[1] 彭永臻[1] 翁冬晨[1] 戴娴[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学北京市水质科学与水环境科学重点实验室,北京100124

出　　处：《东南大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第6期1278-1284,共7页Journal of Southeast University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(21177005);北京市教委科技创新平台资助项目;北京工业大学第12届研究生科技基金资助项目(yjk-2013-9603)

摘　　要：为了解处理生活污水的强化生物除磷(EBPR)系统的除磷和脱氮特性,采用SBR接种普通活性污泥,通过逐步提高进水COD浓度的方式,结合短污泥龄控制,实现了EBPR系统的快速启动,并对启动后系统的脱氮除磷特性进行了研究.试验结果表明:当进水COD浓度由200 mg/L左右逐步提高至500 mg/L左右时,29 d可实现EBPR系统的启动,此后30 d内出水磷浓度稳定维持在0.5 mg/L以下,磷去除率平均达99.4%.该系统还可长期高效稳定地用于高磷污水(含磷40mg/L)的处理.成功启动后的EBPR系统内聚磷菌(PAOs)为优势菌,占全菌总数的34%±3%,但也存在硝化反硝化菌和聚糖菌.在EBPR系统稳定运行时的好氧段,PAOs吸磷的同时伴随着脱氮菌群的同步硝化反硝化(SND)作用,使得平均总无机氮(TIN)损失达7.6 mg/L,系统总氮(TN)去除率在70%左右.EBPR系统内除磷耦合同步硝化反硝化,可实现污水的脱氮除磷.In order to know the phosphorus and nitrogen removal characteristics of an enhanced bio-logical phosphorus removal （EBPR）system when dealing with domestic sewage,the EBPR system, which was inoculated with activated sludge in a SBR,was fast started up by gradually increasing the influent COD（chemical oxygen demand）concentration,combined with short sludge retention time control.The nitrogen and phosphorus removal characteristics of the EBPR after being started up were also studied.Experimental results showed that when the influent COD concentration is gradually in-creased from about 200 mg/L to about 500 mg/L,the EBPR system could be started up in 29 d. The effluent PO3-4 -P concentration remaines below 0. 5 mg/L in the following 30 d,and the average phosphorus removal efficiency reaches 99. 4%.Additionally,this system can be efficiently and stab-ly used for long to deal with high phosphorus wastewater （containing PO3-4 -P of 40 mg/L）.After the successful start-up of the EBPR system,phosphorous accumulating organisms （PAOs）become the dominant bacteria which accountes for 34%± 3% of total biomass.However,these also exist nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria,and glycogen accumulating organisms （GAOs）as well.Moreo-ver,during the stable operation phase of the EBPR system,simultaneous nitrification and denitrifica-tion （SND）are detected at the aerobic stage,coupling with the phosphorous uptake process of PAOs.The SND process leads to an average total inorganic nitrogen loss （TIN）of 7. 6 mg/L and a total nitrogen （TN）removal efficiency of about 70%.Phosphorus removal coupling with SND with-in the EBPR system can achieve the nitrogen and phosphorous removal in wastewater treatment.

关 键 词：SBR 强化生物除磷 聚磷菌 同步硝化反硝化 脱氮除磷 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]