聚硝基苯乙烯的一步合成I.聚合工艺、溶剂极性、浓硫酸用量的影响  

Synthesis of polynitrostyrene by one-step method I. Effects of polymerization process, solvent polarity and sulfuric acid content

作　　者：朱瑞[1] 丹媛媛[1] 蔡星伟[1] 王超[1] 杨宏训[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏科技大学生物与化学工程学院,江苏省镇江市212003

出　　处：《合成树脂及塑料》2014年第4期9-12,共4页China Synthetic Resin and Plastics

摘　　要：利用发烟硝酸进行聚硝基苯乙烯的一步合成,研究了聚合温度、溶剂极性、反应时间和浓硫酸等对反应的影响,并考察了这些因素对硝基导入率的影响。结果表明:随聚合温度降低,溶剂极性增加,反应时间延长,浓硫酸用量(占发烟硝酸和浓硫酸总质量的百分数)增加,聚硝基苯乙烯的相对分子质量增大、收率提高;硝基导入率随聚合温度的降低而降低,随反应时间的延长及浓硫酸用量的增加而增加。Polynitrostyrene was synthesized with fuming nitric acid by one-step method. The influences of polymerization temperature, polarity of solvent, reaction time and addition of sulfuric acid on the polymerization-nitration were studied. The results show that the relative molecular mass of the resultant product rises and the yield is improved with the decrease of the polymerization temperature and the increase in the polarity of solvent, reaction time and the mass percentage of sulfuric acid in the mixed acid of fuming nitric acid and sulfuric acid. The degree of nitrato-substitution reduces with the decrease of the polymerization temperature, while it increases when reaction time is extended and the amount of sulfuric acid rises.

关 键 词：聚硝基苯乙烯 硝化 阳离子聚合 

分 类 号：TQ325.2[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]