新疆盐环境棉花黄萎菌拮抗放线菌的筛选及菌株TRM42561的防效测定和鉴定  

Screening of Antagonistic Actionomycetes against Verticillium dahliae from Saline Environments in Xinjiang as Well as the Antagonistic Activities and Identification of Strain TRM42561

作　　者：柳成宾[1] 万传星[1] 贾晓宇[1] 张飞[1] 徐彪[1] 范瑛阁[1] 张利莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学生命科学学院/新疆生产建设兵团塔里木盆地生物资源保护利用重点实验室,阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《中国生物防治学报》2014年第3期408-413,共6页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：国家"973"计划前期研究专项(2010CB134505);国家自然科学基金项目(31060001)

摘　　要：为充分发掘新疆盐环境中生防活性放线菌,以棉花黄萎菌为靶标,从805株新疆盐环境放线菌中筛选获得14株拮抗菌,其中菌株TRM42561抑菌活性最强,其发酵液对棉花黄萎菌的抑菌圈直径达26.33 mm,且对6种常见植物病原真菌和4种细菌均有较好的抑制效果,抗菌谱广。室内抑菌活性表明,拮抗菌TRM42561发酵液对棉花黄萎菌菌丝生长抑制率为83.75%,孢子萌发抑制率为68.75%。田间试验结果表明,拮抗菌TRM42561对棉花黄萎病的田间防治效果显著,在3次施药后的第15和30 d,其防治效果分别达到33.06%和41.65%。通过菌株形态特征、培养特性、生理特性以及16S rDNA序列分析,确定拮抗菌TRM42561为娄彻氏链霉菌Streptomyces rochei。In order to discovery antagonistic actinomycetes from saline environments in Xinjiang, we tested the antifungal activities of 805 strains of halophilic actinomycetes against Verticillium dahliae. Among the 14 strains showing strong antagonistic activity, actinomycete TRM42561 showed the strongest mycelium inhibiting activity against the target pathogen with the inhibition diameter of 26.33 mm. Besides, TRM42561 exhibited broad antifungal and antibacterial activities on six fungi and four bacteria. Moreover, both the mycelium growth and the spore germination of V. dahliae were inhibited by the fermentaion broth of TRM42561, and the inhibiting rate were 83.75%and 68.75%, respectively. Field experiment showed that the fermentation broth of TRM42561 exhibited a protective efficacy of 33.06%and 41.65%against cotton Verticillium wilt in the fifteenth and thirtieth days after the third root-drenching. Based on morphological, cultural, physiological characteristics and 16S rDNA sequences analysis, we identified TRM42561 as Streptomyces rochei.

关 键 词：新疆盐环境 拮抗放线菌 棉花黄萎菌 生物防治 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]