海洋矿产资源分布及深海扬矿研究进展  

Distribution of marine mineral resource and advances of deep-sea lifting pump technology

作　　者：肖业祥[1] 杨凌波[2] 曹蕾[1] 王正伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室&热能工程系,北京100084 [2]中国矿业大学(北京)机电与信息工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《排灌机械工程学报》2014年第4期319-326,共8页Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering

基　　金：国家863计划项目(2009AA05Z424);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51009077);水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室课题(2014-KY-05)

摘　　要：海洋蕴藏着丰富的生物、矿产和动力能源,是巨大的资源宝库.开发海洋资源已经逐渐成为各国新的战略目标.深海采矿扬矿的工作环境恶劣,对设备要求较高,技术难度大,因此亟须开展相关研究.文中首先介绍了海底矿产资源的分类及全球分布,并就中国深海采矿现状进行了总结;然后以大洋锰结核的开发为例,重点对各种提升方式进行了综合分析.扬矿技术是深海采矿系统的重要组成部分,其中管道提升被认为是最有发展前景的方法.管道提升包括水力、气力、管道容器、轻介质和重介质等方法,其中矿浆泵水力提升和气举泵提升技术已进行了深海试验,最具发展前景;最后对多级离心式提升泵的设计方法和研发现状进行了介绍,并对深海采矿趋势进行了展望,提出要立足国情,借鉴国外技术经验,吸收近海石油煤炭提升技术,进行技术攻关的发展思路,进而为商业开采提供技术储备.Ocean is a huge treasure rich in biotic and minerals resources as well as energy. Exploitation of marine resources is a new national strategic objective, and the pace of deep-sea mining needs to be accelerated. Due to poor working conditions, the requirements for mining equipment are so high that the research of mining system, especially for the lifting pump system is very important. The classification and global distribution of subsea mineral resources were described. The situation of deep-sea mining in China in detail was summarized. The lifting technology is an important part of deep-sea mining system, and the pipe lifting method is considered to be one of the most promising lifting me-thods, which includes hydraulic lifting, air lifting, light medium and heavy media lifting, et al. Slurry pump lifting and air lift pump lifting technology have been carried out in deep sea trials, proving that they have the best development prospects. Finally, the development of hydraulic lifting technology, highlighting the development prospect of slurry pump and its commercial applications were elaborated, when the trend of deep-sea mining was discussed.

关 键 词：深海采矿 矿产资源 锰结核 扬矿技术 矿浆泵 

分 类 号：U171[交通运输工程]