盾壳霉菌株Chy-1抗真菌物质的基本特性研究  

Characterization of the Antifungal Substances Produced by Coniothyrium minitans Strain Chy-1

作　　者：杨蕊[1,2] 韩永超[2] 杨龙[2] 张静 姜道宏[2] 李国庆[2] 

机构地区：[1]河南科技学院资源与环境学院,新乡453003 [2]华中农业大学/农业微生物学国家重点实验室/湖北省植物病理学重点实验室,武汉430070

出　　处：《中国生物防治学报》2014年第4期520-527,共8页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31272084);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201103016);河南省教育厅科学技术研究重点项目(13B210012)

摘　　要：为了明确重寄生真菌盾壳霉Coniothyrium minitans产生的抗真菌物质（antifungal substances，简称AFS）的基本特性，本文从盾壳霉MCD培养物滤液的抑菌谱、热稳定性、酸碱稳定性及紫外线照射稳定性4个方面展开研究。研究结果表明，盾壳霉 AFS对核盘菌 Sclerotinia sclerotiorum、三叶草核盘菌S. trifoliorum、小核盘菌S. minior等10种真菌菌丝生长具有较强的抑制作用。AFS具有较强的热稳定性，盾壳霉MCD培养物滤液经120℃处理30 min后，对核盘菌仍具有抑菌活性（抑菌率为49.5%）。不同环境pH对AFS的抑菌活性具有不同的影响，pH值为7，AFS对核盘菌菌丝生长抑制活性最强。此外，环境pH也影响AFS的稳定性，在较宽的pH值范围内（1～14），尤其是在酸性条件下（pH 1～6），AFS活性稳定（抑菌率为81.1%～76.4%）；AFS对紫外线照射具有一定的稳定性。盾壳霉抗真菌物质对外界环境具有很好的稳定性，这对于应用盾壳霉的抗真菌物质来防治油菜菌核病是非常有利的。The present study investigated the inhibitory range of antifungal substances （AFS） produced by Coniothyrium minitans against different phytopathogenic fungi and its stability under heat, acidic or alkaline conditions, and ultraviolet （UV）. The results showed that the AFS could greatly inhibit the mycelia growth of the 10 tested fungi, includingSclerotinia sclerotiorum,S. trifoliorum andS. minior, and was heat-stable. The AFS heated at 120℃ for 30 min could inhibit mycelia growth ofS. sclerotiorum by 49.5%. pH could affect the activity of AFS againstS. sclerotiorum. The highest activity of AFS was observed under pH 7. The AFS was generally stable under different pH values （pH 1 to 14）, but was more stable under acidic conditions （pH 1 to 6）, with the inhibition of mycelia growth ranging from 81.1% to 76.4%. The stability of AFS could be affected by UV-irradiation when it was spread on leaves of oilseed rape. Based on these results, the AFS was concluded as stable substances, and considered to be of potential for control of rapeseed stem rot caused byS. sclerotiorum.

关 键 词：重寄生真菌 盾壳霉 抗真菌物质 核盘菌 基本特性 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]