陇东黄土高原农业生态效率的时空演变分析——以庆阳市为例  

Spatio-temporal Evolution of Agricultural Eco-efficiency in Loess Plateau of East Gansu Province: A Case Study of Qingyang City

作　　者：张子龙[1,2] 鹿晨昱[3] 陈兴鹏[1,2] 薛冰[4] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学资源环境学院,甘肃兰州730000 [2]兰州大学中国西部循环经济研究中心,甘肃兰州730000 [3]西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,甘肃兰州730070 [4]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,辽宁沈阳110016

出　　处：《地理科学》2014年第4期472-478,共7页Scientia Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(41301652);国家自然科学基金项目(41261112);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(20120211120026);兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(lzujbky-2013-132)资助

摘　　要：以地处黄土高原的庆阳市为例，基于世界可持续发展工商理事会（WBCSD）对生态效率内涵的界定，应用数据包络分析（DEA）中的非期望产出SBM模型，对2001～2011年间该地区农业生态效率的时空演变进行分析，结果表明：庆阳市农业生态效率总体上呈现下降趋势，其空间差异在不断扩大。依据生态效率的空间分布状况，基本可以将庆阳市分为2种类型：生态环境较好、水资源较为充沛、农业较为发达的西峰区、合水县、宁县和正宁县的农业生态效率相对较高；而生态环境较为脆弱、水资源短缺的庆城县、华池县、环县和镇原县的农业生态效率较低，主要原因在于要素投入比例失调、资源利用率低和非期望产出的过度冗余。基于此对生态效率较低地区的农业投入要素冗余状况进行了分析，明确农业生态效率改进的方向，为提高农业生态效率提供参考。Based on the definition of ecological efficiency raised by World Business Council for sustainable de- velopment （WBCSD）, the article applied undesired-output SBM model of Data Envelopment Analysis （DEA） to analyze the spatio-temporal evolution of agricultural eco-efficiency in Loess Plateau of East Gansu Province in 2001-2011. The results indicated that： the agricultural ecological-efficiency in Qingyang City is declining overall, and the spatial discrepancy of eco-efficiency is enlarging. According to the spatial distribution of eco-efficiency, Qingyang can be divided into two regions： 1） The high agricultural eco-efficiency region in- cludes Xifeng, Heshui, Ningxian, Zhengning county which possess good ecological environment, abundant wa- ter resource and developed agriculture. 2） The low agricultural eco-efficiency region includes Qingcheng, Hua- chi, Huanxian, Zhenyuan county which have fragile ecological condition and the scarce water resource. The reasons for inducing low eco-efficiency are disproportional factor inputs, low efficiency of resources utiliza- tion and excessive redundancy of undesired outputs. Furthermore, the article analyzed the redundancy of ele- ments of agricultural input in the regions where have lower ecological efficiency in order to put forward the way to improve the ecological efficiency.

关 键 词：陇东黄土高原 农业 生态效率 时空演变 SBM 庆阳 

分 类 号：K902[历史地理—人文地理学]