宁夏同心县2009与2012年农村已婚育龄妇女卫生保健状况比较分析  

Survey on Status of Health Care among Reproductive Aged Women in the Rural Areas of Tongxin County in 2009 and 2012

作　　者：丁文清[1] 张勇[1] 周建虎[1] 赵芮[1] 赵海萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏医科大学公共卫生学院,银川750004

出　　处：《宁夏医科大学学报》2014年第8期861-864,875,共5页Journal of Ningxia Medical University

基　　金：哈佛大学合作项目:"创新支付制度;提高卫生效益试验项目"

摘　　要：目的了解2009年与2012年宁夏同心县农村已婚育龄妇女卫生保健状况,为提高育龄妇女卫生保健服务水平制定决策提供参考依据。方法采用分层随机抽样方法,将同心县10个乡所辖行政村按好、中、差不同经济水平随机抽样,采用面对面方式对15-49岁的已婚育龄妇女进行问卷调查。结果 2009与2012年相比同心县农村已婚育龄妇女参加妇科检查比例均较低(30.3%vs 31.2%,P>0.05);2009年产后访视率显著高于2012年(21.2%vs 8.5%,P<0.05)。5次以上产检率(12.0%)显著低于2012年(45.8%)(P<0.01);各项产前检查率(50%)与五项全部检查率均低于2012年(35.4%)(P<0.01);初查孕周在12周之内的比例(58.1%)显著低于2012年(87.0%)。住院分娩率为51.7%,低于2012年的95.8%(P<0.01)。主要分娩地点为县级及以上医院及乡镇卫生院,未住院分娩的原因主要为来不及(39.2%)与经济困难(34.6%)。结论同心县农村已婚育龄妇女卫生保健服用利用显著提高,但服务质量整体水平不高,有待进一步加强与规范,相关部门应从多方面多角度提高卫生保健服务质量和利用率。Objective To investigate the status of health care among married reproductive aged women from rural areas in Tongxin, in order to identify strategies for increasing health care level. Methods A cross - sec- tional design was conducted in 2009 and 2012, to examine the utilizat!on of health care services in fertile women aged 15 to 49 years from a total of ten villages by using a stratified cluster random sampling method. Structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Results The women had low proportions of having gyne- cologic examination （30.3% vs 31.2% ,P 〉 0.05 ）. Compared with 2012, the women in 2009 had higher pro- portion of postnatal care visit （ 21.2% vs 8.5% , P 〈 O. 05 ）, lower five times or greater of antenatal visit （ 12.0% vs 45.8% ,P 〈0.01 ）. The rates of single（35.4% ） and five xaminations（≥150% ） in 2009 were all significantly lower than those in 2012 （P 〈 0.01 ）. In 2009,58.1% of pregnant women had the first visit during pregnancy less than 12 weeks, which was lower than 95.8 % in 2012 （ P 〈 0.01 ）. In the study,51.7 % deliver- ies in hospital for 2009 were significantly lower than that in 2012 with the proportion of （P 〈 0, 01 ）, and the country hospital or above and health institutions were the major deliveries took place, respectively. Conclusion Compared to 2009, the health care status among married r~ productive aged women from rural ar- eas in Tongxin has been improved, but it still does not meet the standard, the whole health care utilization could be improved through taking all kinds of measures.

关 键 词：育龄妇女 卫生保健 宁夏农村 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]