2001-2010年鄱阳湖圩区水稻多熟种植时空格局变化  

The Spatio-Temporal Pattern of Rice Cropping Systems in the Polder Area of Poyang Lake during 2000-2010

作　　者：李文叶[1,2] 姜鲁光[1] 李鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《资源科学》2014年第4期809-816,共8页Resources Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目:"国土空间优化配置关键技术研究与示范"(编号:2012BAB11B02)

摘　　要：在耕地面积有限、粮食单产水平较高的地区,提高粮食生产能力的主要途径是提高复种指数,加大土地利用强度。鄱阳湖圩区是我国重要的水稻生产基地,是我国水稻多熟种植最典型的地区之一。弄清鄱阳湖圩区时间上与空间上的水稻多熟种植变化特征,为兼顾粮食安全与新型城镇化发展研究提供现实基础。本文利用较高空间分辨率卫星影像(Landsat-TM/ETM+),选择合适时间窗口,识别了2001年鄱阳湖圩区水稻多熟种植的空间格局,并利用K-means算法对解译结果进行精度验证。研究表明,2001年圩堤水田面积为34.54万hm2,其中单季稻13.02万hm2,双季稻21.52万hm2,分别占水田面积的37.7%与62.3%,复种指数为162.3%。对比分析2001年与2010年的多熟种植空间格局变化表明,2001-2010年鄱阳湖圩区水田面积减少了1.09万hm2,但复种指数增加了15.9%。本文利用时间窗口阈值法不需经过目视解译即可达到81.6%的精度,是一种有效的水稻多熟种植空间格局提取的方法,并且大大减少了所需的遥感影像。Under the premise of limited land resources,the primary way to ensure national food security is to increase the multiple cropping index and increase land use intensity. The polder area of Poyang Lake is not only an important rice production base in China but one of the most representative areas for multiple cropping of rice because of its superior natural conditions. Detecting the spatio-temporal pattern of different rice cropping systems in the polder area of Poyang Lake provides factual basis for the balance between food security and urbanization. In this paper,within a reasonable time window,we used remote sensing images（Landsat-TM/ETM ＋） with high spatial resolution to interpret the 2001 rice crop system in the polder area of Poyang Lake where the rice cropping system is complex and changeable. We found that in 2001,the total paddy field area was 345 400hm^2. There were 130 200hm^2single-season rice and 215 200hm^2doubleseason rice,separately, accounting for 37.7% and 62.3% of the total paddy field area. The multiple-cropping index was up to 162.3%. Compared with the results in the year 2010,the paddy field area in 2001 decreased by 10 900hm^2,but the multiple-cropping index increased by 15.9% leading to a larger proportion of actual sown area in 2010. The time window method resulted in an accuracy of up to 81.6%,even without artificial visual interpretation and greatly reduced remote sensing imagery acquisition. Information acquired about the area and spatial distribution of paddy rice provides basic data for research into irrigation and national food security.

关 键 词：水稻熟制 时间窗口 NDVI 遥感 鄱阳湖圩区 物候 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]