基于DPSIRM健康距离法的南四湖湖泊生态系统健康评价  

Ecosystem Health Assessment of Nansihu Lake Based on DPSIRM and Health Distance Model

作　　者：张峰 杨俊[1,2] 席建超[2] 李雪铭 陈鹏[2] 

机构地区：[1]自然地理与空间信息科学辽宁省重点实验室,大连116029 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《资源科学》2014年第4期831-839,共9页Resources Science

基　　金：国家科技部支撑计划:"南四湖核心区生态带构建技术及示范--南四湖核心区生态系统评估与演变趋势研究"(编号:2012BAC04B00)

摘　　要：随着全球环境变化和人类活动干扰的加剧,湖泊生态系统健康问题日益凸显。湖泊生态系统健康评价是实现湖泊监测管理、环境治理和生态修复的基础。基于人地和谐发展视角构建驱动力-压力-状态-影响-响应-管理(DPSIRM)因果关系模型和健康距离模型,结合层次分析法建立典型湖泊健康评价的水质-生态-社会经济综合评价指标体系。以南四湖为例进行实证研究,结果表明:①南四湖生态系统的水质指标、生态指标、社会经济指标和综合健康距离分别是0.398 9、0.249 5、0.498 3和0.436 2,总体健康处于"较健康"水平,湖泊生态系统稳定性较好,但水质指标未能全部达到国家地表水Ⅲ类水质标准,在社会治理投入上仍有较大差距;②该评价模型和指标体系适用性较强,评价结果较为客观,为湖泊生态系统的管理、治理和修复提供了决策依据。With the deterioration of global environments and the intensification of human disturbance,problems with lake ecosystems have become increasingly serious. A lake ecosystem assessment is the foundation for lake monitoring,environmental management and ecological restoration. Here,a new concept of lake ecosystem health is proposed that summarizes previous studies and utilizes a Driving-Pressure-State-Impact-Response-Management（DPSIRM）model to determine the causal relationship inside the system. A health distance model is then taken to represent the health of the ecosystem. An assessment index system comprising water quality, ecological and socio-economic criteria was established. These evaluation models were applied to the ecosystem health of a typical lake,Nansihu Lake in Shandong province and drew upon five health states：very healthy,healthy,general healthy,sub-healthy and diseased. We found that the health distances of water quality indicators,ecological indicators,socio-economic indicators and comprehensive health distance were 0.398 9,0.249 5,0.498 3 and 0.436 2,respectively;the lake is in a general healthy state. Ecological indicators were in a healthy condition which indicated that stability was good. As water quality did not meet the national standard III,distance shows a tendency to approach a general healthy level. As the health distance of socio-economic indicators indicates the negative impact of people,more effective measures need to be carried out. The results of this case study demonstrate that our methods provide a similar result to the real health state of the lake and the novel methodology in this paper can be generalized.

关 键 词：健康距离法 DPSIRM模型 湖泊生态健康 南四湖 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]