基于WMS模型的大石河上游降雨产流模拟  

Simulation of Rainfall and Runoff in Upstream of Dashihe Basin Based on WMS

作　　者：韩思伟[1] 赵建明[1] 叶水根[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学水利土木工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2014年第11期44-47,52,共5页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：全球环境基金(GEF)海河流域水资源与水环境综合管理项目(bj3-5)

摘　　要：水文模型是模拟流域水文过程和认识水文规律的重要工具,对流域产汇流计算、洪水分析与预报以及水资源优化配置等具有重要的意义。近年来,基于DEM的分布式水文模型在对流域地形分析及水系构建等方面形成了比较成熟的算法。利用ArcGIS、Global Mapper软件对数据资料进行预处理,然后采用WMS水文模型的TOPAZ算法生成研究区河网水系、确定研究区流域边界并进行子流域的划分,最终生成研究区数字流域。采用WMS嵌入的HEC-1模型进行流域降雨产流模拟。结果显示:流域逐日地表径流随降雨的变化而变化,并表现一定的滞后效应;模拟的径流量最大峰值(9.37m3/s)与水文站实测峰值(8.98m3/s)误差为7.80%;模拟日期内(一个月)逐日平均径流量(3.56m3/s)与实测值(3.77m3/s)误差为5.60%。说明该模型具有较高的模拟精度,可以用于大石河流域的降雨径流模拟,从而可为该流域防洪、减灾及水资源管理提供重要依据。Hydrological model is an important tool for simulation of watershed hydrological processes and the understanding of hydro ‐logic regularity .It also has important practical significance on watershed runoff calculation ,flood forecasting and analysis ,water re‐sources optimal allocation and scheduling .In recent years ,with the rapid development of computer technology ,remote sensing tech‐nology ,geographic information systems （GIS） ,Distributed Hydrological Model Based on DEM has formed a relatively mature algo ‐rithm on Basin terrain analysis and river construction .In this study ,firstly ,ArcGIS and Global Mapper software are used for data preprocessing .Then the TOPAZ algorithm of Hydrologic Modeling Wizard in WMS9 .1 is used for generating the river network ,de‐termining the Watershed boundaries and the division of sub-basins .Finally ,based on the generation of digital watershed ,the HEC-1 model embedded in WMS is used to simulate the basin rainfall runoff for Dashihe .The results show that in general ,the daily change of surface runoff of the basin follows the change of rainfall with certain hysteretic effect .The simulation of runoff results , 9 .37 m^3 /s ,has error at 7 .80% to the hydrological station measuring results ,8 .98 m^3 /s .In simulation period （one month） ,the dai‐ly average runoff is 3 .56 m^3 /s ,has only 5 .6% relative error to the measured values ,3 .77 m^3 /s .This shows that the model can be used for rainfall runoff simulation in Dashihe basin to provide important basis for the flood control ,disaster mitigation and water management in the basin .

关 键 词：水文模型 地理信息系统(GIS) WMS 径流模拟 

分 类 号：TV121.7[水利工程—水文学及水资源]