近/超临界甲醇醇解油脂生产生物柴油工艺的中试  

Pilot-Plant Test of Alcoholysis of Vegetable Oils with Super/Sub-Critical Methanol to Biodiesel

作　　者：杜泽学[1] 刘晓欣[2] 江雨生[1] 王海京[1] 毕建国[2] 闵恩泽[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石化石油化工科学研究院,北京100083 [2]中国石化石家庄炼化分公司,河北石家庄050032

出　　处：《石油化工》2014年第11期1296-1304,共9页Petrochemical Technology

摘　　要：利用规模2 kt/a的近/超临界甲醇醇解制生物柴油(SRCA)工艺中试装置,以菜籽油、棉籽油、餐饮废油和棕榈酸化油为原料进行醇解中试。中试重复了小试结果,说明反应器的放大不影响反应效果;通过选择性提高物料在加热器中的流速,优化换热流程,解决了加热器失效不能长期运转的问题。原料中的杂质对反应的影响小,但影响加热器的运行和粗甘油的分相操作;原料中的水和游离脂肪酸影响产品的酸值,原料酸值越高产品酸值也越高。分析了中试装置产品收率偏低、产品酸值和氧化安定性不合格、有废水排放的原因,提出了改进方向。中试结果进一步验证了SRCA工艺原料适应范围广、流程短、生产过程清洁的特点,具有较好的工业开发前景。Alcoholysis of vegetable oils, namely rapeseed oil, cottonseed oil, waste cooking oil and palm acid oil, with super/sub-critical methanol to biodiesel （SRCA） was carried out in a 2 kt/a pilot-plant. The results showed that the product yield obtained by the pilot-plant test was similar to that obtained in laboratory. The problem that the heaters in the reaction system lost efficiency was solved by increasing material flowrate in the heaters and optimizing the heat exchanger networks. The impurities in the feeds had negative effects on the long-term running of the heaters and the phase separation operation of crude glycerol. The water and free fatty acid contents in the feeds had some positive effect on the acid value of the product. The pilot-plant test results showed that the SRCA process had obvious advantages of wide adaptability to different raw materials, short process flow and non-polluting environment with good industrial prospect.

关 键 词：油脂 醇解 近/超临界甲醇 生物柴油 

分 类 号：TQ517.4[化学工程]