三种地震方法在岩性地层油气藏预测中的应用  

Application of Litho-stratigraphic Reservoirs Prediction by Three Seismic Methods

作　　者：仝敏波 高利东 苏战 曹卿荣 许小强 

机构地区：[1]陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司研究院,陕西西安710075 [2]中国石油长庆油田勘探开发研究院,陕西西安710018 [3]中国石油东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司长庆物探处,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《西南石油大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第6期69-75,共7页Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science & Technology Edition)

摘　　要：岩性地层油气藏勘探已成为近年来的一个重点与难点问题。"四类盆地、三种储集体"的岩性地层油气藏区带、圈闭与成藏的地质理论与"构造—层序成藏组合"模式研究,为中国陆相岩性地层油气藏勘探开发奠定了重要的基础。松辽盆地南部中央拗陷区属于"多坡折缓坡—湖侵域和高位域河流三角洲组合"的岩性地层油气藏,仅仅依靠"构造—层序"的思路难以实现有效的岩性地层油气藏预测。岩性地层油气藏勘探地球物理方法呈现多元化发展,推进了地震技术在岩性地层油气藏预测领域的应用,但同时地震技术的局限适应性同样明显。以对松辽盆地南部中央拗陷区为例,通过应用垂向岩性组合关系、地震波谷信息的应用和多子波分解技术,尽可能多地挖掘地震波形中蕴含的地层岩性信息,探索这3种地震方法在松辽盆地南部中央拗陷区岩性地层油气藏勘探中的适用性,依靠钻井、沉积规律约束,取得了良好的效果。In recent years,litho-stratigraphic reservoir exploration has become an important and difficult problem. The theory of“four basin types,three reservoir types”litho-stratigraphic reservoir play,trap,accumulation model,and the reseach model of“structure-sequence accumulation combination”have laid an important foundation for the exploration and exploitation of continental litho-stratigraphic reservoirs. The central depression in southern Songliao Basin belongs to“multi-slope break gentle slope-lake transgressive domain and high domain river delta combination”. The“structure-sequence”study alone is not enough for effective litho-stratigraphic reservoir prediction. Diversified geophysical methods for litho-stratigraphic reservoir exploration promotes the application of seismic technology in the field of litho-stratigraphic reservoir prediction,but the limited flexibility of seismic technology is also clear. This paper takes the research in central depression of southern Songliao Basin as an example,and explores application of vertical litho-stratigraphic combination,information of seismic trough,and multi-wavelet decomposition technology,and we extract litho-stratigraphic information from seismic waveform. Applicability of the three seismic methods in litho-stratigraphic reservoir prediction of central depression in southern Songliao Basin is studied and has achieved good effect with reference to drilling and sedimentary rules constraint.

关 键 词：松辽盆地 岩性地层 垂向组合 地震波谷 多子波分解 

分 类 号：TE122[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]